British Prime Minister
The headships of the United Kingdom, Italy and the Netherlands all have an identifiable office which can be called Prime Minister. However, their function, resources and ability to enact changes within their various systems vary considerably. In this essay, I will compare some of the important aspects of the headships of Britain, Italy and Holland. I will compare how the office is gained, how it is lost, how long each leader stays there, the powers each office holds and the amount of independent influence over policy formation. I will show that because of these aspects, someone of an activist disposition would most want the British office, secondly the Dutch, and thirdly the Italian.The British Prime Minister is generally the leader of the largest party in the House of Commons, which usually has a majority (that is fifty percent plus one). therefore to become Prime Minister of Britain, it is necessary to be leader of one of the main parties and for that party to be the largest party in the House of Commons. The individual parties have different methods of selecting their leader and times when this can be done, the most significant difference being that the Conservative Members of Parliament elect their
The 1948 constitution allows the head of government to nominate ministers but in practice this rarely occurs. Similar to Holland, the Italian Prime Minister has no constitutional right to dismiss ministers, furthermore, he cannot allow them to resign in protest to the Prime Ministers actions. The one where it is possible to enact the most change within the system is the one which possesses the most power and influence over other political actors. In Italy, the Prime Ministers "primary task is to keep the coalition together. It is common in the Dutch system for ministers to consider their department their own and not subject it to 'overview' by other ministers or the Prime Minister. The final consideration is how much policy can the Prime Minister initiate. He is at the centre of the organisation and the business of government, anything which goes wrong ultimately is the Prime Ministers fault. The power of appointment of the top two levels of the civil service is an increasing power as the civil service becomes more open to scrutiny. A Parliamentary Inquiry Commission after the Second World War refused to recognise any Prime-ministerial claim to dismiss a member of Cabinet. This allows the premier to call an election at a time when it best suits their chances of returning to power or using it as a 'big stick' to beat potentially rebellious MPs back into line - as John Major did over the ratification of the Maastricht treaty. It does however remain quite a small power in comparison to others. The Prime Ministers power to appoint ministers gives him a tremendous power over his party. The second part of this power relating to the civil service does not occur in Holland.
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Acceptance Essays
