Apparent Connections Amidst Science, Politics, and Religion
Apparent Connections Amidst Science, Politics, and Religion Within today's society science is an entity almost entirely separate from religion and politics, yet history paints a different picture. During 17th and 18th century Europe, the spread of ideas and the inspiration to perform science were a direct result of religion and politics. The readings of Darnton, Dobbs and Jacob illuminate how social, political and religious elements were crucial to the development and spread of modern science. Politics and religion often inspired new discoveries and perspectives in relation to science. Jacob mentions that the natural philosophers "looked forward to the progressive purification of religion and a moral reformation...to which science...was seen as being crucial." Therefore, the people of this era depicted science as a key element to ignite political and religious change. Moreover, Jacob observes that the populace felt that "the discovery of nature would overcome the religious divisions and usher in a world reformation."2 Through an expanded knowledge of nature the true religious doctrine would be located and the entire population would follow. This inspired scientists to reach new frontiers via scientific discoveries for
The criteria to determine the validity of scientific solutions became increasingly specific throughout this time period. This displayed the cycle in which the planets move. "7 Notice the mention of a broken law and the calling upon the Parliament to rescue the mesmerists from the tyranny of the government. By failing to set forth guidelines to determine validity of theory, the determination is left completely open to interpretation. 17 These were all rewards for his significant advancements in science. Darnton notes that Bacon felt that "knowledge would be more genuine and useful for being the result of scientific collaboration. "14 Therefore, it was the status of the people who agreed in favor of the theory that determined its merit. Another example is displayed through the spread of the ideas of Aristotle and Ptolemy to Europe through wars with nearby nations. The Parliament should stand up against this royally commissioned lawlessness by placing mesmerism under its special protection. "5 This excerpt displays how the formulation of a sponsored scientific group can aid in the discovery of new ideas and inventions for the benefit of the entire populace. The rulers advanced their reputation as a result of this knowledge that represented their country. The scientists advanced because of the more intricate experiments they were now able to perform and the transfer of ideas among their peers. 16 Essentially it was the involvement in the politics that coincided with the science of mesmerism that caused Bergasse to improve his status. "4This excerpt shows how a conflict between religion and science resulted in reshaping the scientific theory. As Darnton points out that the government "used academies to control public opinion [and] to stifle the new truths of science and philosophy.
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