Beowulf and Roland
Over the years, previous research has confirmed a high incidence of communication problems among male and female juvenile delinquents. Researchers have documented challenges in a broad range of communication skills including articulation, fluency, semantics, morphology, and syntax (Cozad; Falconer). Basically these findings resulted from assessment procedures that relied primarily on standardized tests rather than analyses of conversational skills or other means of assessing how individuals use language functionally in their everyday social interactions. Standardized speech and language tend to focus on mastery of discrete skills and rarely assess communication performance in "real life" situations. Standardized testing has shown that juvenile delinquents have a high incidence of communication problems. A productive study was conducted to explore communication problems in juvenile delinquents. There were forty-five female participants residing at a correctional institution for adjudicated youths. Ages of the participants ranged from fourteen to eighteen years. They had to be convicted of committing one or more misdemeanor or felony offenses. Twenty-nine of the participants were Caucasian, six were Native American, four
Some even made comments regarding the negative messages displayed when classmates slouched or laid their heads down on the tables. Secondly, observations, interviews, and a review of documents support ethnographic data collection methods (Creswell and Hammersley). This included seven participants who had received services for learning disabilities. Eye contact is obviously important in aiding communication interactions. Verbal communication dealt with utterance types, topics of conversation, politeness and honesty, and conversational management. They participated in class discussions with the primary investigator and a research assistant. Although, on numerous occasions, the researcher had to repeat several bits of information, due to the poor attention span and listening skills. Institutional and school records revealed that all participants had IQ scores ranging from 81-116. Member checks were done to try to verify some of the information. The participants knew that their body position and posture could affect communication. About one-third of the youths had received special education services at some point during their education. By listening to many comments made by the delinquents, it is indicated that they had anger control problems and a desire to act them out. First the researchers collected data over a relatively short time period of two and one-half months. The field notes taken of the study participants' comments and behavior served as the data for analysis. Many patterns emerged into seven themes.
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