Bipolar Disorder
Bipolar disorder is the third most common mood disorder after major depression and dysthymic disorder. The disorder (a.k.a Manic-Depression) effects an estimated three million (or 1%) of people in the United States with severe manic-depression and 5-6 million with milder forms of the disorder. Which is approximately one out of every seven people. Women are twice as likely as a man to experience major depression, but men and women are equally likely to be affected by this illness. The onset of this disorder usually occurs between twenty and thirty years of age, with a second peak in the mid-forty's for women. The majority of patients with bipolar disorder will experience significant symptoms before the age of twenty-five years (Suppes, Dennehy, Gibbons, 2000). The disorder is complicated by co-occurring alcohol or substance abuse. Without effective treatment, it leads to suicide in nearly 20% of cases, which is 30 times higher than the general population. 20-50% attempt suicid!e at least once. Anxiety disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder, also may be common in people with bipolar disorder. There are two types of this disorder: bipolar I and bipolar II. "Bipolar I is diagnosed when
These stages begin with hypomania in which patients feel energetic, extroverted and assertive. Several studies have suggested that artists are more likely than others to suffer from a class of mental illnesses called mood disorders. Unfortunately as many as 40% of bipolar patients are either unresponsive or cannot tolerate the side-effects of lithium. In particular, they indicate a striking association between creativity and manic depression, or bipolar illness. However, after the first manic episode occurs, depressive episodes often follow. A manic episode is diagnosed if elevated mood occurs with 3 or more of the symptoms most of the day, nearly every day, for 1 week or longer. A person with bipolar disorder may need strong encouragement from family and friends to seek treatment. Bipolar disorder is diagnosed if mania occurs, whether depression has been diagnosed or not. Often people with bipolar disorder do not realize how impaired they are, or they blame their problems on some cause other than mental illness. If the mood is irritable, 4 additional symptoms must be present. Scott Fitzgerald were both hospitalized for the illness. A lag in diagnosis and treatment could prove deadly; people with severe, untreated depression have a suicide rate as high as 15 percent. From 25 to 75% of artists in groups studied had had been treated for mood disorders of some type, especially among poets, where as many as 50% had been hospitalized or needed extensive care. Due to this, the integration of pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy have been recommended by the American Psychiatric Association which aim to increase the patients adherence to medication, decrease the number of hospitalizations and relapses, to enhance social and occupational functioning, and most importantly to improve the patient's quality of life.
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