Sudan's civil War
Sudan's current Darfur conflict did not begin arbitrarily and without reason. Instead, many underlying factors that have been fomenting and resulting in breakouts of violence are still at work in Sudan. The ethnical differences of the Arab Muslim ruling majority and the African and primarily animistic inhabitants of the southern state of Darfur have caused Sudan to have been mired in a nearly constant state of civil war since 1955. The application of Islamic law to all citizens has always been the sparkplug that more than anything else caused the non-Muslim population in Sudan to feel the need to rebel. The effects of the civil wars and more importantly, the most recent conflict in Darfur, are massive, and the death tolls, especially of Africans, are so immense that this conflict is being labeled as genocide. To understand the conflict that is ongoing currently in Sudan it is necessary to understand the history and how Sudan has been a state of comprised mostly of Arabs since olden times. In 642 A.D., ten years after the prophet Mohammed's death an Arab army invaded Nubia, in present-day Sudan Later in the 1820's Egypt's Muslim rulers conquered Sudan and enslaved 2 million Africans by the end of the 19th century
During this period Nimeiry, who became the first elected president of Sudan in 1972, consolidated his power Anderson 70). The conditions in these camps are more than a human rights violation, but a crime on humanity. He established a state of emergency and resorted to ruthless tactics to subdue the factions that were against him. This is opposed to the northerners who insisted on central control, Islam as the state religion, and Arabic as the official language (Anderson 66). In 1964 a bloodless coup ousted Abboud and installed a second democratic regime headed by Prime Minister Muhammed Ahmad Mahjub. Following the killings in Juba, another major incident occurred on 11 July 1965 in Wau where seventy-five people leaving a marriage service in the cathedral were gunned down by northern soldiers. The first elections yielded a win for the pro-Egypt National Unionist Party and they immediately began a program of "Sudanization" in which they replaced the foreigners in administration offices with Sudanese. needs to send troops into Sudan with the stance that if the South doesn't get freedom from Islamic law and its own parliament back, the U. In fact, these militias have been funded by the government and even fought alongside the government in the goal of wiping out an entire race of people. As seems to be the case all over the world, oil also plays a role in this conflict. Abboud's policies may seem extreme, yet they are the norm for a country that has always been torn apart by the divisions in the country and the misunderstandings that arise from these religious and cultural differences. Southerners claimed that over 3,000 huts had been burned, and according to official government figures, 1,018 people were killed in two days (the population of Juba was then thought to be about 40,000). Once again the person to assume power was from the North and more specifically an Islamic Arab. Janjaweed, a Muslim militia consisting mostly of nomadic Arabs has ransacked through the South, killing and raping innocent civilians at will without consequence.
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Acceptance Essays
