Diabetes
Diabetes, a life long disease for which there is not yet a cure, is caused by reduced production of insulin, or by decreased ability to use insulin. Insulin, the hormone produced by the beta cells in the pancreas, allows blood sugar (glucose) cells to be able to use blood sugar. This hormone is necessary for glucose to go from the blood to the inside of the body cells. With inadequate insulin, glucose builds up in the bloodstream instead of going into the cells. The body is unable to use glucose for energy despite the high levels of glucose in the bloodstream. This causes the excessive thirst, urination, and hunger, which are the most common symptoms of diabetes. The excess sugar remains in the blood and is then removed by the kidneys. This disease occurs in several forms, but the most common are Type I Diabetes or Juvenile Onset Diabetes or Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM), Type II or Non Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM), and Gestational !In Type I Diabetes, the body is unable to store and use glucose as an energy source effectively. The pancreas secretes a hormone called insulin, as mentioned above, that helps lower blood sugar and aids in the passage of glucose out of the blood
Besides the complications that go along with the disease, a diabetic may have severe reactions to several different related factors. Oral medications can be taken to reduce sugar levels by improving insulin release, reducing available sugar, and decreasing insulin resistance. Cataracts cause dimness of vision or eventual loss of vision. (Baker 1932-34) The exact cause o!f this type is unknown, however, genetics is known to play a strong role. Damage to nerves may cause an injury to the foot and will go unnoticed until infection develops; therefore, proper foot care is essential to those who are infected with diabetes. Repeated reactions may also cause brain damage. This is because of the endless varieties of responses and treatments; the care of this disease depends mainly on individualized plans. In one case, FDA medical officer Dr. Some of the symptoms of Type II Diabetes are thirst, excessive urination, weight loss despite increase in appetite, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, impotence in men, missed menstruation, blurred vision, frequent infections, tingling, and numbness. (Hirsch 26) They may also lose coordination or get confused. Carefully performed blood sugar tests are very critical to avoiding reactions. Statistics show that 15% of all patients who get a new pancreas die within five years of the transplant, due to complications caused by the diabetes disorder. An example of a severe reaction, is a hypoglycemic reaction, which occurs when an excess of insulin causes the blood glucose to fall below 50mgs/100ml of blood. Exercise also helps to lower blood pressure, control weight, and decrease the risk for heart disease.
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