Causes of the peloponnesian war resulting from differences
In the Greek city states of Athens and Sparta both had many social, cultural, economic, and governmental differences. These differences which were important to both societies way of life, served as reasoning to why these city states would go to war with each other. There were many reasons for both city states to go to war with each other, and would result in an overall weakening of ancient Greece. The Peloponnesian War would be the war that Athens and Sparta would fight and the winner being Sparta would not come out of the war without being as damaged as Athens. Athens had a free speaking democracy, and was allied with other smaller city states. Sparta had a tough and strong military, and conquered many lands. (Nosotro 1) These two far different ways of thinking and the somewhat close location of both to each other would obviously lead to confrontations between both of these cities. First the formation, and what the Greek states were made up of must be explained to lead into one of the major Greek city states being Athens. Greece was a primitive nation before the city states that could barely produce enough crops for the Greek people. Before the city states people were more di
The people of Athens were becoming more and more powerful and the only way the Spartans knew to fight back was in battle. The farmers in the past had to sell their land many times because of the lack of money that they had for their families. In other societies and cultures that had stricter governments this is how it went for the few middle class people that were present. All schools were private but the tuition was low and almost every Greek citizen could afford to send their children there for at least a few years. After the defeat of Athens by Sparta the Athenians didn't lose much in the sense of art and culture. The helots were serfs who were bound to the land and would farm for the master who owned it. When the Greek city states were formed, the family or a group of people were now more self sufficient and relied on different members of the household for duties or jobs. Before the Greek city states it was harder to survive because of the harsh conditions that troubled the Athenian people. ( Hammond 347) They didn't want to provoke them on the seas because their naval system was inferior to that of Athens. The plan that Athens had in the beginning of the initial attack was they told the people of Attica to come to the inland of Athens and let Sparta somewhat ravage or take over their land. People were getting exiled and killed left and right because of the council the Spartans had appointed. (Hatzfeld 42)This showed how the Greek city states were now becoming more and more diffused with other nations. Athens was considered a great seas power while Sparta was more of a land power that took things by force and a large cavalry. It was a reign of terror because of the constant terror that the leaders were putting the people of Athens through.
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