Oil Spills Danger to All
There are many oil spills that occur every year. They harm the environment, the plants, the animals, and the people who live near it. People can clean up the spill. The environment takes the disaster of an oil spill and the follow a natural process to clean itself. Oil spills are dangerous to everything and cost a lot to clean up. In France an oil spill occurred that leaked ten million liters of oil into the ocean on December twelfth. The spill cost seven million dollars to clean up. After all the clean up attempts three hundred and fifty kilometers of coastline was covered in oil. The oil will stay in the sand for almost thirty years. Other things affected would include the sea birds. All the clean up crews estimate that up to one hundred thousand sea birds died. The oil killed them when it coated their bodies so they could not fly away and they drowned (BBCnews p.1). One of the worst places in the world for an oil spill to occur is in Alaska. On March 1989 the Exxon Valdez grounded itself in Alaska. The tanker spilled eleven million gallons of oil into the waters of south central Alaska. The spill affected many different animals, the land, and the people living near the spill site. Many people responded to the spill and quic
In most cases such damage is temporary and is caused primarily by the physical properties of oil creating nuisance and hazardous conditions. This process can be slowed with the help of emulsifiers that are surface-active substances with strong hydrophilic properties used to emanate oil spills. As this layer thins, the oil's surface tension and other factors such as water currents and wind, controls the rate of spreading. The most stable emulsions such as water-in-soil contain form thirty percent to eighty percent water. Emulsifiers help to promote the dispersion of oil from microscopic droplets. These cause aromatic and aliphatic hydrooxidation, oxidative deamination, hydrolysis, and other biochemical transformations of the original oil substances and the intermediate products of their degradation (offshore enviroment. Whilst these components may not cause any immediate harm, their presence may render such animals unpalatable if they are consumed by man, due to the presence of an oily taste or smell. A more fruitful approach is to identify which specific resources of value might be affected by an oil spill and to restrict the study to meeting defined and realistic aims, related to such resources (itopf p. The most important environmental factors that influence hydrocarbon biodegradation include temperature, concentration of nutrients and oxygen, and, of course, species composition and abundance of oil-degrading microorganisms. Simply, the effects of oil on marine life are caused by either the physical nature of the oil (physical contamination and smothering) or by its chemical components (toxic effects and accumulation leading to tainting). These complex and interconnected factors influencing biodegradation (offshore enviroment.
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