Cubism
Art before the twentieth century was recognized as an imitation of nature. Paintings and portraits were made to look as realistic and three-dimensional as possible, as if we are looking at the real object. The first cubist works were those in which objects, landscapes, and people are represented as many-sided solids. Artists were painting in a flamboyant style. Pablo Picasso (Spanish, 1882-1973) and Georges Braque (French, 1882-1963) initiated the movement when they followed the advice of Paul Cezanne, who in 1904 said artists should treat nature "in terms of the cylinder, the sphere and the cone." (art)In Cubism the subject matter is broken up, analyzed, and reassembled in an abstracted form. Cubism changed the way art was represented and viewed. There were three phases in the development of Cubism: Early Cubism, Analystical Cubism and Synthetic Cubism. It brought in new ways of composing pictures and also showed new ways of representing nature. This new movement also brought in new attitudes towards the picture surface and the application of paint. The ideas of colour theory were all changed. This caused a liberation of these elements from a merely descriptive function have all featured in the development of Cubism. The main
In 1912 - 1917, Pablo Picasso had developed "Synthetic Cubism". In other words, the vision of the spectator is enlarged to include a number of different views. Braque or Picasso invented collage during this period, wanted to improve reality with the creation of new tasteful objects. During this period, Picasso and Braque employed a palette of muted greens. and it was the major turning point in the evolution of Cubism. Body parts and objects within the picture were constructed and broken down into geometric shapes that were barley recognizable as the original image. It consisted of facets, or cubes, arranged in superimposed, transparent planes with clearly defined edges that established mass, space, and the implication of movement. He also introduced a piece of oilcloth, it represents the surface of a table. The first stage, Early Cubism, was characterized by the simplification, distortion, and emphasis of the forms of objects. The middle figures' monochrome bodies are reminiscent of Picasso's Rose Period. Picasso created his first collage, Still Life with Chair Caning, which is one of the icons of Cubism. Stenciled letters allowed them to realize that the introduction of everyday items could expand the readings that they could gain from their work. As thought they were moving form point to point, looking up then down. Picasso's collages were a development of Braque's experiment in the same year with papier colles, pasted cut-papers which acted both as formal elements of the composition and representationally, "In Braque own words he introduced foreign substances into his paintings because of their'materiality'" (Golding) The synthetic principle-- building up, putting together, rather than breaking down and rearranging had been formulated, he conceptual nature of the artist's work became ever more marked. Picasso shifted the point of view at will heads, noses and eyes are seen simultaneously in profile and full front.
Common topics in this essay:
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Synthetic Cubism,
Analytical Cubism,
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Paul Cezanne,
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Picasso Braque,
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Chair Caning,
Period Contrasts,
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pablo picasso,
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Acceptance Essays
