Manifestations of Afrocentricity and the Articulation of Chicanismo
             H1: The manifestation of Afrocentricity is positively related to the presence of rap music.
             While an important facet of afrocentricity is to challenge the racist system and look for ways to revolutionize the conditions of African Americans, the ultimate goal of an African American communicator or conscious rap lyricist is "transformation." Afrocentric rhetoric is concerned with the stability of the community, and in cases of conflict and strife in the community, the afrocentric public discourse functions to bring back harmony and stability in those problematic areas. Rap music is replete with examples of lyrics that are vocal protests of racism harassment police brutality, and the attacking of the system that continues to oppress African Americans, all viewed as problems within the African American community.
             H2: Rap music is positively related to the articulation of Chicanismo by Chicano rap artists.
             Rap music now heavily commercialized and with artists under pressure to "sell out," nevertheless echoes the pain and protest of the blues and suggests that the music has a function other than that of entertainment. Despite rap music's mainstreaming and commercialization, scholars remain intrigued by its potential as a political and disobeying form. Although rap remains predominantly rooted in urban black experiences it has become a cultural basis from which other ethnic and racial groups have articulated their experiences as aggrieved and under –resourced communities. For Chicano lyricists rap serves as a highly visible vehicle for distributing critiques of the dominant social order and expressing ideological rhetoric. Chicano rappers have appropriated African American rap music genre and used it to update the Chicano movement.
             H3: Therefore, manifestations of afrocentricity are positively evident in the expression of Chic
             ...