The extension of sovereignty and control was dormant in the west during most of the Middle Ages. It flourished during the age of exploration and discovery, particularly in America and parts of Asia. In the age of Metternich, with governments concentrating primarily on internal problems, a general decline in imperialism occurred. The new imperialism, revival of imperialism, took place during 1870-1914. Heavy demands for raw materials and a large surplus of European capital was brought about by the industrial revolution, which created economic depression in Europe and America. Major European countries required investment abroad due to the accumulation of capital. Nationalism was a huge factor in colonization; the concept "survival of the fittest" of the social Darwinism, the obligations of the "white man's burden", and the political prestige in having colonies contributed to the spirit of nationalism. Military is another reason for the new imperialism. In each major country military organization wielded great political power and emphasized the need of controlling strategic areas and establishing key military bases. The new imperialism differed from the classic imperialism; public opinion was considered important and people should be persuaded. Expansion (territorial ambition) and the public opinion were solid factors in advocating and giving birth to new imperialism; as a result, Europe and the United States faced unexpected mischief, wars, and further economic drain.
             To support the development of the industrial revolution, colonial possession was an essential. The goods produced were made hard to consume due to the economic depression in the major European countries and the United States of America. Imports from other nations were taxed to avoid more stress on the economic circumstances and to favor the national market. Foreign industries were enclosed and the exports dropped making the market available exclu...