Transformation incorporates the adaptation of a text to a new medium, audience or time. There are four distinct areas of transformation from Emma to Clueless. These are values, morals and ideals, themes, the narrator and literary techniques and devices. The transformation helps us relate to modern day societies and is a demonstration of the complexity of human relationships and how characters are gradually transformed. The transformation has maintained the integrity of Emma whilst communicating it a different way.
             Through the transformation of Emma to Clueless we gain an understanding of the CONTEXT, which each text was created. For example, the values of each century change. 19thC England focuses on social status, marriage, wealth, education and social etiquette. In contrast, 20thC Beverley Hills focuses on sex before marriage, homosexuality, different races and drug use. These changes relate to our current society, the overt 90's culture. For example, we gain the acceptance of minority groups i.e. Dione being African American yet she "knows what its like to have people be jealous of her" and her best friend is a Caucasian girl – Cher. Christian, being the "homosexual cake boy" indicates the acceptance of homosexuals. The contrast in pastimes of characters in both Emma and Clueless indicates social change.
             Austen contrasts expensive cars in Clueless with carriages in Emma, marijuana with malt liquor, a photograph of Tai with a portrait of Harriet, shopping, skateboarding and watching television with walks, visiting friends, backgammon and needlework. These symbols of society and social strata have been transformed to adapt to a modern society.
             The change in values helps us gain the knowledge that values are the main influence over culture and changing values change aspects of culture. As we have lost the values of 19thC Highbury we have still gained the knowledge that many of the issue...