Albrecht Durer
Albrecht Durer was the third son of Albrecht Durer and Barbara Holfer. He was one of their eighteen children. The Durer family came from Hungary, Albrecht Durer senior being born there, and at this time the family name was Ajtos. The name Ajtos means "door" in Hungarian and when Durer senior and his brothers came to Germany they chose the name Turer which sounds like the German "Tur" meaning door. The name changed to Durer but Albrecht Durer senior always signed himself Turer rather than Durer. Albrecht Durer senior was a jeweller who had served his apprenticeship with Hieronymus Holfer, and then married Holfer's daughter. Albrecht Durer junior wrote about his father and his upbringing (see for example [3]):- My father suffered much and toiled painfully all his life, for he had no resources other than the proceeds of his trade from which to support himself and his wife and family. He led an honest, God-fearing life. His character was gentle and patient. He was friendly towards all and full of gratitude to his Maker. He cared little for society and nothing for worldly amusements. A man of very few words and deeply pious, he paid great attention to the religious education of his children. His most earnest hope was that the high
One of the artists that he met in Venice, Giovanni Bellini, had an important influence on Durer for [3]:- . They were delighted with Durer's drawings, with his first engravings and the small pictures he had already painted, independently of Wolgemut's directions or opinions. His next visit was to Ulm where he met more artists of the Swabian school. These youthful enthusiasts, in common with those of all nations throughout history, were bent on rejuvenation of the art of the world. Frederick liked his portrait which Durer painted in April 1496 when Frederick had visited Nurnberg. He had also become convinced that [1]:- . Durer also gave approximate methods to square the circle using ruler and compass constructions in this book. On meeting Maximilian's daughter he offered her the portrait of her father which he had painted, but was distressed to find that she did not want the portrait. There were strong reasons why he produced a work on fortifications at this time, for the people of Germany were in fear of an invasion by the Turks. First he visited Augsburg where he met strong Italian artistic influences for the first time. A method to obtain a good approximation to the trisector of an angle by Euclidean construction is also given. everything that [Venice] could teach him was to be found in Giovanni's paintings. For the engraving Adam and Eve made in 1504, Durer described the intricate ruler and compass constructions which he made to construct the figures. He did not slacken his work on either mathematics or painting but most of his effort went into his work Treatise on proportion.
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