Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 "bans discrimination,
             including sex-based discrimination, by trade unions, schools, or employers
             that are involved in interstate commerce or that do business with the
             The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination in a broad array
             of private conduct including public accommodations, governmental services
             and education. One section of the Act, referred to as Title VII, prohibits
             employment discrimination based on race, sex, color, religion and national
             origin (Milestones 2). The Act prohibits discrimination against the
             aforementioned protected classes in the areas of recruitment, hiring,
             wages, assignment, promotions, benefits, discipline, discharge, layoffs and
             almost every aspect of employment (Milestones No Date).
             Title VII also created the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity
             Commission (EEOC), a five-member, bipartisan group. The Commissioners, no
             more than three of whom may be from the same political party, are appointed
             to five-year terms by the President after the Senate's confirmation
             (Milestones 2). The Chair of the Agency appoints its General Counsel. EEOC
             opened its doors for business in 1965, one year after the enactment of
             Employers under Title VII's jurisdiction include trade unions,
             schools, or employers that are involved in interstate commerce or that do
             business with the federal government (Britannica 1)." The EEOC law also
             specifically covers employment agencies (Milestones 2).
             The origins of the passage of Title VII can be considered to have
             begun in 1787 with Article VI of the U.S. Constitution which prohibited
             religious discrimination. Then, in 1864, the 13th and 14th Amendments were
             added which prohibited slavery and provided equal protection to all US
             citizens. In 1883, the Civil Service Act substituted merit for politics
             which thereby eliminated the "spoils system" (Milestones 1).
             ...