Society and Population
In the history of human societal development, the relationshipbetween society and population are important elements that determine thedevelopment or stagnation of a society towards progress. It is chronicledin history that the emergence of the Industrial Revolution gave birth topopulation growth, as well as different movements that improved economicand social progress in human civilization. Prior to the IndustrialRevolution, the study of population growth with respect to society isillustrated in Thomas Malthus' theory of population, discussed in hisfamous discourse in 1798, An Essay on the Principle of Population. In histheory of population, Malthus discussed how an increase in population couldresult to a decrease in the food supply. For Malthus, this would happenbecause population rate increases at a geometric rate whi
The first stage,called the pre-industrial stage, is characterized by high birth rate anddeath rate. Notestein identifies countries belonging to the pre-industrial stage asstage 1 countries, those societies in the transitional stage as stage 2countries, and so on. Modern theories on demographic transition adds another stage inthe process, identified as the fourth, or post-industrial stage, wherebirth rate is equal to the death rate, which means that there is already azero population growth. Almost two centuries after Malthus' revolutionary proposal on therelation between society and population, Frank Notestein conceived hisTheory of Demographic Transition in 1945. These societies include nationslocated mostly in the Asian and Middle East region, since population growthincreases rapidly as these societies are just starting out to develop theireconomies. This means that as populationincreases, food supply (economic resources) decrease and it would not beable to support the growing demand of the increasing number of people. le food supplyincrease only at an arithmetic rate. Developing countries are categorized under the stage2 or transitional stage, mainly because there are both increasing rates ofbirth and death in developing societies. It is evident that both fertility rate and epidemiological rate areessential to the decline or increase of population growth. Notesteindistinguishes differences in development among societies through thedemographic transition stages the society is currently categorized. The second stage (transitional stage) has greater birth ratesand lower death rates, and the third stage is identified as the industrialstage, wherein there is a decrease in both birth rate and death rate of asociety. In his theory, Notestein positsthat societal development is related with population growth, and identifiesthree stages of demographic transition in societies. , birth and deathrates) are balanced or in equilibrium. Thus, developed countries have lower birthand death rates compared with developing countries, which have higher birthand death rates.
Common topics in this essay:
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Middle East,
Principle Population,
Industrial Revolution,
,
population growth,
Thomas Malthus',
death rates,
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transitional stage,
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developing countries,
death rate,
birth death rates,
Frank Notestein,
identified industrial stage,
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rates birth death,
rate death rate,
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