Attacks
Franklin Delano Roosevelt and George W. Bush are presidents who facedmarkedly different times, economic issues and social concerns. However,they have one tragic fact in common: they were both sitting presidents whenthe United States experienced surprise attacks from countries or entitiesoutside the United States. Roosevelt was President during the attack onPearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, and Bush was president on September 11,2001, when the terrorist organization al-Queda attacked New York City and Both incidents resulted in the United States going to war with widesupport from the American public, and allegations have since arisen thatboth presidents knew about the likelihood of the attacks before they There's no doubt that both attacks came as a complete surprise to mostpeople. Roosevelt called the attack on Pearl Harbor a day that would livein infamy, and the immediate circumstances surrounding the attack certainlysupported that view. The attack made it impossible to not declare war onJapan, and since Japan had signed an agreement with the Axis Powers, thismeant we were also at war with Germany and Italy.
The goalwas to leave Japan with an impossible choice: either cave entirely to allof the United States demands, which would have ended their plans in Asia,or attack the United States. In both cases, the attacks were viewed as so egregious that popularsupport for a war grew. Butas in the case of Pearl Harbor, none of this explicitly stated that heplanned attacks on the mainland of the United States, much less where suchattacks might be made, and in a country with many thousands of miles ofopen border, it might have been hard to know exactly what precautions totake (Wirtz, 2002). supply ships, actions that if known about at thetime might well have gotten him successfully impeached (Kaplan, 2000). had soured, and by the summer of 1941, the U. Some experts argue that although Roosevelt's advisors recognized theseriousness of their problems with Japan, they did not realize that PearlHarbor was a target in time to take precautions (Wirtz, 2002). In addition, Kaplan asserts thatStinnett's book demonstrates that we had access to Japanese communicationsas they moved their fleet toward Pearl Harbor and must have known what thetarget was well ahead of December 7 (Kaplan, 2000). Nevertheless, some will argue that weshould have listened to our own experts who predicted that al-Qaeda wouldattack us within our borders (Wirtz, 2002). By September 15th, formal opinion inthe government had formed that the terrorist group al-Queda was behind theattacks as they had claimed. However, relationships betweenJapan and the U. Indications about what happened on September 11, 2001 isn't as clear-cut. While there wereindications that both attacks were likely, they were perceived by Americansas coming out of nowhere. Government was already well aware of al-Qaeda's activities, believing it tobe hind attacks on our soldiers in Somalia in 1993 as well as a bombing inSaudi Arabia in 1995 and of the Khobar Towers in July of 1996 (Wirtz,2002).
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Acceptance Essays
