Machiavelli
Born into a time when self serving aspirations in the name of thepublic well being were the norm of public life, Niccolo Machiavelli wrotehis two discourses on public government as a means of demonstrating thedifferences between moral, and immoral governments, and then as an attemptto curry favor with the existing immoral government. Machiavelli was borninto a wealth family, and via education became one of Italy's youngestpublic servants at the age of 29 in 1498. Europe has not know peace,militarily induced or otherwise, for close to 1000 years, so Machiavelliundertook the task of looking back, and writing a thorough discourse on thevalue, and purpose of a republic form of government. Only after his workput him into disfavor with the ruling monarch did he revise his thoughtsand product the work for which he is most famous, the Prince later that Great disagreement has occurred over Machiavelli's the Prince. Heseems to be outlining the means and purposes by which a dictator can riseto power. Because of the Prince, the term 'Machiavellian' has come to beassociated with deceptive or ruthlessly self serving behaviors. In orderto understand the Prince, This research will first
"Alexander the Great, wishing to build a cityfor his glory, Dinocrates, the Architect came to him and showed him how hecould do so upon the mountain Athos, which place in addition to beingstrong, could be arranged in a way that the City would be given human form,which would be a marvelous and rare thing and worthy of his greatness: andAlexander asking him on what the inhabitants would live, he replied that hehad not thought of it: at which he laughed, and leaving that mountain as itwas, he built Alexandria, where the inhabitants would stay willinglybecause of the richness of the country and the convenience to the sea andof the Nile. A city on a mountaintop would be anarchitectural wonder, but what good is a monument if the people could notbe ruled and maintained in peace. "Asthe rethinker bar none, Machiavelli inaugurated modernity and its newtruth: what Machiavelli in chapter fifteen of The Prince calls "theeffective truth" - a real, tangible, felt truth opposed to the imagined,utopian truths of Greeks and Christians. On the other hand, those men are infamous and destroyers ofReligion, dissipators of Kingdoms and Republics, enemies of virtue, ofletters, and of every other art which brings usefulness and honor to humangenerations (mankind), such as are the impious and violent, the ignorant,the idle, the vile and degraded. He understands that the people who are ruled must have a positivesymbiotic relationship with the ruler if the kingdom or city is to bepolitically stable. Hewent on to compare different rulers. He has been released from political prison only afew years earlier, and he given much thought to the purposed of government,which had been his career since his early adulthood. Even though ambition and avarice penetrate every province, city, andvillage, they ultimately deprived men of the most precious benefit of peacein order to build power and wealth, not greatness, for the current ruler. Looking backthrough 'modern' history to the Roman Empire, Machiavelli describes thepurpose of a republic, and based on the purpose details the means by whicha republic can become establishes. He continues, and uses this example as a picture ofthe wise and virtuous ruler. Borrowing images from medieval fables,Machiavelli said that the ruler must be able to imitate both the lion andthe fox. The Prince has been called ahandbook for tyrants, as it abandoned the moral code discussed in TheDiscourse, and promoted a 'do what ever it takes' philosophy of leadership. Birds of the air will tell of murders past.
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