First Inhabitants of the New World
Most of what we know about the first inhabitants of North America, theancestors of today's First Nations and Inuit, is due to the work ofarchaeologists. These specialists have generally divided the past into twoperiods: the historic period, for which we have written accounts; and theprehistoric period, prior to the existence of written records.Archaeological work on the prehistoric period - studying stone tools, bonechips, and faunal and other remains - is invaluable because few other types Certain key discoveries have contributed to our knowledge of thesepeople. In 1927 a fluted point was uncovered near the town of Folsom, NewMexico, which dated back to about 8,500 BC. Similar artifacts from the sametime period have since been discovered in Canada. In 1975 a discovery wasmade at the Bluefish Caves in the mountains of the nor
Henry was keenly interested in and studiednavigation and mapmaking. One tool, a burin or stone chisel, is the oldest evidence of humanoccupation in Canada. Using a technique known as radiocarbon dating,scientists were able to conclude that hunting parties between 25,000 and12,000 years ago used the caves intermittently. As well,archaeologists found stone tools that could only have been made by humans. Over the millennia these ancient peoples dispersed throughout NorthAmerica and developed subsistence strategies particular to theirenvironments. " Prince Henry's interest in theslaves was mainly to convert them to Christianity. In 1452, Pope Nicolas V issued his papal bull allowingthe enslavement of "pagans and infidels. For example, ancestors of today's Inuit learned how to copewith their harsh environment by using the northern resources to theiradvantage and developing unique tools. By the time of first contact with the Europeans, there were millionsof inhabitants already dispersed all over "Canada," who spoke manydifferent languages. Those migrating to the coastal andprairie regions of the country did the same, adapting to their surroundingsthrough ingenuity and invention. Sailors could offer glass beads and colored cloth in exchangefor tribal captives. The Portuguese Exploration Influence and Prince Henry the Navigator The man chiefly responsible for Portugal's age of exploration was thethird son of King J"ao I (John) and his English wife, Queen Philippa ofLancaster. It wasn't until twenty-seven yearsafter Henry's death that Bartolomeu Dias braved these "dangers" and roundedthe Cape of Good Hope in 1487. These three small caves contained the bones of ancient animals,many of which showed signs that they had been butchered.
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