Today, graphic design has become second nature. In fact, most people do not even realize that every day they are viewing thousands of visuals, from the label on their coffee in the morning, to the billboard on the way to work, to the advertisement being pulled by the plane, to the toothpaste packaging before they go to sleep. The basis, or intellectual model, for this the widespread art form of graphic design or the use of typographic, color, and layout as well as text elements to communicate an idea or concept goes back about three hundred years ago to European book production and composition.
             Graphics are as much a part of the history of culture as the oral and written word. From the time that Gutenberg invented mass printing production to the current websites, graphic design has grown and evolved with technology. First came the scores of books that could be printed at a time, instead of one-by-one by hand, then more elaborate engravings with copper plates. By the late 1700s to early 1800s, even before the industrial revolution, graphics were visible on fliers, signs, posters, banners, as
             well as books. Graphic design has become a vital component of each culture and period of human history since then including the Arts and Crafts Movement, Victorian artwork, Art Nouveau commercialism, Modern Art design, visual corporate logos and identity, postmodern design and the computer graphics revolution.
             What many people do not realize is that graphic design is a science or a specific branch of measurable data and laws that maintain consistency and standardization. At the end of the 17th century, typography body types were still not numbered but received names instead. These were often based on the title of books, such as Cicero used in Epistles. However, this period of time was also the age of Enlightenment. Louis XIV, founded the Imprimerie Royale in 1692 at the request of Cardinal Richelieu and decided to prepare a medium on existin...