Social Anxiety Disorder Described as Excessive Fear in Social Situations
Social anxiety disorder is a common anxiety disorder, sometimes calledsocial phobia, and is characterized by fear and avoidance of various socialsituations (Social pp). Of all the anxiety disorders and mental healthcare problems, social anxiety disorder is perhaps the least understood(Social pp). Although social phobia resembles an extreme form of shyness,it significantly interferes with an individual's functioning, such asavoidance of dating, meeting new people and of social situationscompletely, however, specific situations vary from person to person (Socialpp). Social anxiety disorder is one of the most common types ofpsychological problems, in fact, studies indicated that an estimated 13percent of Americans will experience clinically significant social phobiaat some time during their lives, however, it often goes unrecognized(Social pp). The exact causes of social anxiety disorder are unknown, yetscientific research suggests that both biological and environmental factorsare most likely involved (Social pp). This disorder usually does not reachclinical proportions until the teenage years and is often overlooked byeducators and mental health professionals, and thus, goes untreated (Soci
Young adults with social anxiety disorder tend tomake life choices based on their fears, such as avoiding classes thatrequire oral presentations or accepting jobs beneath their ability becausethey can work alone (Book Pp). Cause: Examine whether one condition was caused by a preexisting condition; eg, is social avoidance the result of agoraphobia or secondary to panic disorder' Symptomatic predominance: Identify which problems cause the most distress or impairment. Most individuals with thisdisorder have the more severe, "generalized" type, in which he or she hasother social fears in addition to the common fear of public speaking (BookPp). In this analysis, a diagnosis of social phobia was given to respondents who admitted to extreme anxiety while eating in front of others, speaking to a small group of people they knew, or speaking to a large group of strangers. Individuals with social phobia often seek treatment due to associatedemotional problems (Zal Pp). Prevalence estimates of social anxiety disorder vary considerably,both for social anxiety alone and concurrently with alcohol use disorders,AUDs, due to methodological differences among studies (Book Pp). Althoughthis is the third most common mental health problem, after depression andalcohol dependence, 95 percent of patients go untreated and remain atincreased risk for depression, alcohol dependence, and suicide (Zal Pp). Differences in expectancies might in fact explain why not all people with social anxiety drink alcohol to cope with their fears. People with negative expectancies about alcohol's effects probably do not consume alcohol because it increases their fear of appearing even more foolish" (Book Pp). Foodand Drug Administration for the treatment of social anxiety disorder" (BookPp). Most successful management integratespsychotherapy, behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, CBT, andpsychopharmacologic agents (Zal Pp). Adolescents with social anxiety disorder may have few friends due todifficulties with intimate relationships, disturbances in schoolperformance, and alcohol use (Corda Pp). Conservative estimates concerning the prevalence of co-occurring, or"comorbid," social anxiety disorder and AUDs reveal that approximately 20percent of patients treated for social anxiety disorder and 15 percent ofthose receiving alcoholism treatment have both disorders (Book Pp). For example, "people with social anxiety may drink excessively because they strongly expect alcohol to reduce their anxious feelings in social situations. Forexample: an analysis of data from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study, a door-to-door survey conducted in four communities across the United States in the 1970s, found the prevalence of social anxiety disorder to be only 2 percent.
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