Major Developments in China Since 1976
The year 1976 was a watershed year for the development of China.Three of the most senior officials of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) -Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and Mao Zedong - died in that year. The year was alsomarked by mass demonstrations and criticism of the Maoist regime. When Deng Xiaoping attained power in 1978 he created a new atmosphereof political and economic promise, which in many ways sharply contradictedgovernmental and political proceedings of the previous two decades. One ofthe most significant changes implemented by Xiaoping was on the economicfront, which included a series of far-reaching economic reforms.. Yet, themost essential change in China since 1976 has been the decisive move awayfrom the Maoist emphasis and focus on the class and political struggle to a There are many reasons for the reforms in China. The fact that theprevious communist reforms were not capable of sustaining and creatingeconomic growth in the country is one of the reasons for the reforms.Other very cogent reasons are that China needed to join the internationalcommunity for economic and developmental reasons; and becau
In 1979 there was a formalexchange of diplomatic recognition between China and the United States. An indication of the radical nature of this 21st Century change isthat the Chinese Communist part will still not use the terms "middle class"in official documents as this would be a reversal of some of the main aimsof their Cultural Revolution. The reforms extend from within the Chinese Communist Partyitself and extended to government intuitions and organizations, theeconomy, the military as well as cultural and artistic reforms. In addition, a functional body that controls civicand economic law was established. For example,farmers were now allowed to lease land and grow crops of their own choice. The intension was to save the Chinese economy from the stagnationthat had been caused by the Cultural Revolution. China eventually had to face the reality that political strategiesalone could not increase productivity. Another very significant change and development that has taken placein China since 1976 has been the creation of a legal system. Thisprogress was also associated with a class differentiation between urban andrural inhabitants and a distinction between rich as poor - which is stilltoday a central problem in Chinese society. This resulted in theunveiling of Deng Xiaoping's vision for economic reform at the Third Plenum of the 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party in December1978. se China had formany years come under pressure, particularly in terms of its socialtraditions, to conform to international standards. This resulted in the gradual handing over of economic control by the State. This issue came to a head in the1970's and resulted in the "Four Mobilizations" program, which was intendedto reform and energize the Chinese economy. China has today become one of the major tradingnations in the world due to development of its market-driven economy.
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