Discussion of The Structure of The Influenza Virus and The Influenza Epidemic of 1918
There are three forms of the influenza virus, A, B, and C. Accordingto the Centers for Disease Control, the A and B forms of the virus infectmillions of people each year and have been the source of flu epidemics.The influenza A form of the virus is the deadliest and is believed to bethe source of the 1918, 1957 and 1968 flu epidemics. (Background: What WeKnow about the Flu) The CDC explains that influenza C is not thought tocause wide spread epidemics and that the flu shot does not protect againstinfluenza C. (The Influenza (Flu) Viruses 2004) The Centers for Disease Control also reports that the Influenza Aviruses are found in both animals and humans. The CDC explains that the Aviruses are placed into subtypes based on proteins that are found on thesurface of the virus. (The Influenza (Flu) Viruses 2004) The two proteinsfound on the surface of the virus are neuraminidase (NA) and hemagglutinin(HA). (The Influenza (Flu) Viruses 2004) The CDC goes on to explain thatthere are nine forms of the neuraminidase protein and fifteen forms of thehemagglutinin protein. (The Influenza (Flu) Viruses 2004) The CDC also reports that Influenza is spread amongst h
We also foundthat the structure of the influenza virus is composed of eight sectionsof single-strand RNA, which holds the genetic information required to makenew copies of the influenza virus. uman beingsthrough the sneezing and cough of an infected individual. The National Institute of Allergy and infectious disease, assert thatInfluenza A can be found in pigs, whales, ducks and humans. At the oldest ages, influenza death rates in 1918 are less than in 1917. This particularepidemic was unique "because for the first time young, healthy adults succumbed. The article reports that the vaccinationcampaign began in October of 1976, and was designed to target individualsages 18 and over. Incubation timefor influenza is one to four days. Although some conclusions have been made regardingthe composition of that particular strand, there are no definitive answersfor why this epidemic was so deadly. The research asserts that the A and B form ofthe influenza virus are usually the forms that infect humans and animals. (Walker and Webster 2003) Walker and Webster(2003) explain, "When human immune systems cannot recognize the new virus,a pandemic ensues. (Walker and Webster 2003) The article explainsthat an individual with the illness their immune system creates antibodiesand cell mediated reactions against the virus's antigens. (Oldstone 1998) Indeed, the flu epidemic of 1918 devastated the entire world. The CDC also reports that the symptomsfor influenza in children include vomiting, nausea and otitis media. " (Walker and Webster 2003) The Influenza virus also undergoes an antigenic shift, which is moresevere than an antigenic drift.
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