Computer Security and Why It Is So Important
Although it is never possible to fully prevent the unauthorized use ofinformation from people with security clearances and access, the use ofsecurity clearance and access is important to ensure that people withoutsecurity clearance cannot access the confidential information. In otherwords, the concept of `absolute security' is a chimera. It is the natureof security that makes it necessary to weigh up the threats, the risks, theharm arising, and the cost of safeguards (Bach, 1986). A balance must befound between predictable costs and uncertain benefits, in order to selecta set of measures appropriate to the need. In most of the cases, the risks of security clearance involve on thepersonal integrity, trustworthiness, and honesty than the informationsystems (IS) security measures. Even if IS security measures are handledto monitor and control all of the keystrokes of the computers, there areinstances of unauthorized information because of personal negligence, such
Also,computer diskettes, CDs, carbon paper, and used typewriter ribbons may posea problem when doing a security check, as a visual examination of theseitems does not tell whether the items contain classified information(Bjork, 1975). However, this kind of measure isneither cost-effective nor productive, because where people are trustworthyand they need such information for authorized uses will have access to suchinformation in bits and pieces from several locations. It would not onlycreate time delay in accessing all of the needed information, but it wouldcreate much difficulty in putting all of the information in order. Partitioning schememechanism is based on a simple in-built DBMS security feature to preventunauthorized access to sensitive data (Bhargavan and Gadia, 1990). Information can be recovered from a computer hard drive even afterthe file has been deleted or erased by the computer user. Then there areother measures such as the use of security PINS and audit trails oftransactions that change the system's state when sensitive data areaccessed (Bjork, 1975). Secrets in the computer require the same protection as secrets onpaper. It is estimatedthat about a third of the average hard drive contains information that hasbeen "deleted" but is still recoverable. However, when data are in a database format, it is possible to partitionsensitive data into separate tables so that only authorized users canaccess these tables based on legitimate needs. Ifan individual wishes to download and retransmit an unclassified file from aclassified system, the file must be downloaded and processed by the systemadministrator to remove electronic traces of other files before it isretransmitted (Denning, 1988). emissions from devices such as monitors and printers). Although to prevent the unauthorized use of information, informationcan be disaggregated at several locations, without providing networkscommunications between these locations. Presently, information security encompasses a number of measures suchas communications security, computer security and radiation security (i. The use of network disability also ensures that the users cannotaccess secure data from the networks (Bjork, 1975).
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