Obsessive-Compulsive (OC) Discussion and Comparison in The Use of DIRT, ERP and CBT Therapies for Treatment
A variety of treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive (OC) behaviors through the years has resulted in a number of effective ways to treat those individuals affected by OC. Three treatments currently in use are the Danger Ideation Reduction Therapy (DIRT), the Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) methods and the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. There are also a number of different drugs used to treat the OC individual, in conjunction with the above mentioned therapies as well as by itself. In order to fully understand what type of disorder this paper is referring to an Obsessive-Compulsive behavior can be classified as; "Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a heterogeneous condition involving unwanted distressing thoughts and compulsive rituals concerning one or more general themes." (Abramowitz 2003 pg 1049). This paper will discuss the use of DIRT, ERP and CBT therapies for treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive behavior. The discussion will be limited to those individuals who are treated in regards to their compulsive obsession disorder with any of the methods. A comparison of the effectiveness of treatments featuring the use of drugs as compared to the effectiveness of treatments that forego such applications shoul
Recent studies have also been initiated to study how each treatment can be combined. " (Abramowitz pg 1055) How those results are calculated, however, might lend a more unbiased approach or thought process concerning ERP treatments. The results can therefore be somewhat skewed. " (Krochmalik 2004 pg 252) Implementing DIRT treatments usually means a number of weekly, 1-hour sessions for the patient. Of course, many experts have been touting a variety of treatments for OCD for a number of years, and each time a new 'breakthrough procedure' is touted a lot of therapists jump on the bandwagon. Working with the varied psychological treatments available, would probably lead to the most successful interventions, and be the most non-intrusive of all the methods employed. Much of the behavior is based on the patient's belief that somehow they will be affected or threatened in some way if certain specific and mostly evasive actions are not taken. "Therapy began with two treatment sessions (out of a scheduled 15 sessions lasting 60 - 90 minutes each) during which information about the patient's obsessional fears and rituals was collected and a hierarchy of anxiety-evoking situations and thoughts was developed. Many of these studies also look at how the psychological treatments can be combined with treatments featuring medications to correspond with non-medical intervention. According to Foa, exposure to the feared circumstances reduces the distress, and the response prevention stops the compulsive behavior. A placebo on approximately half of the participants were used as well. "DIRT procedures include corrective information, filmed interviews, cognitive restructuring, the examination of microbiological experiments, attentional focusing and Hoekstra's (1989) probability of catastrophe task. Whether a doctor employs a psychological approach (sometimes coupled with medication) or the doctor exclusively uses drug therapies for treatment, are based on addressing the behavior of the sufferer with therapy. The third phase is viewed as the 'discharge-planning phase. This method of treatment seems to be relatively effective, but the results can be misleading because many individuals suffering from OC refuse to participate or withdraw early from the treatment, due to the amount of anxiety experienced by the sufferer(s).
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