Privacy Act of 1974
Introduction: The original version of the Privacy Act of 1974 (S. 3418 Public Law 93-579) according to the Department of Justice (www.usdoj.gov/oip/1974intro.htm) was actually singed into law on September 27, 1975. It was called an "omnibus" (meaning that it packaged together several pieces of legislation in one bill) code of "fair information practices" and it set out to "regulate the collection, maintenance, use, and dissemination..." of information through and from the federal executive branches that is personal and should be restricted from general circulation. (This directive of course soon related to educational institutions in addition to federal agencies, and that information will be reviewed later in this paper.)The Department of Justice (DOJ) account of why the bill was necessary explains that the bill was passed "...in great haste" toward the conclusion of the Ninety-third Congress. Elected officials who streamlined the process for this bill included Senators Sam Ervin (who headed the Watergate hearings in the U.S. Senate) and Charles Percy, and Congressmen Moorhead and Erlenborn. No conference committee was brought together as is nearly always the case; normally there is a House version and a Senate version and a com
Wade - seriously limiting the government's right to regulate abortions - which basically said a woman's right to choose an abortion cannot be stymied because that is an intrusion into her privacy. A number of amendments to this act have been made subsequent to the initial passage of the law. First of all, it is clear that educators, mental health providers and law enforcement officials ". Supreme Court decision - by reversing Olmstead v. " In fact, in 1974 President Richard Nixon - who had just resigned his presidency in shame following widely publicized examples of abuse of power in his administration - had been found to have tapped phones of political opponents (he had an "enemies list"); and further, Congress was worried about "potential abuses" due to the increasingly frequent use of computers to "store and retrieve personal data. Karin Fischer writes in the Chronicle of Higher Education that additional clarifications regarding FERPA came out after the terrible massacre of students at Virginia Tech in 2007. " And when a student turns 18, or "attends a postsecondary institution at any age," the rights under FERPA are then moved from the parents to the student. " The new rules allow FERPA to disclose, again "without consent," any and all education records "in connection with a health or safety emergency. '" The DOE fact sheet informs schools and other interested parties, however, that because of terrorist attacks, amendments made in 2002 to FERPA throw the privacy clauses pretty much out the window. Christiansen, associate dean of student affairs at Arizona State University, said, "In my view, I don't believe a change in legislation is necessary.
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