The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language describes a symbol as something that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention, especially a material object used to represent something invisible. Nathaniel Hawthorne was known for using symbolism in his literary works. His use of symbolism in The Scarlet Letter is what makes it one of his most read novels in high schools and colleges all over the nation. The main symbols are the letter "A" and Pearl; however, there are many other symbols used throughout the novel.
             The letter "A" is the most important symbol used. "The town magistrates sentenced Hester to wear the scarlet "A" for the rest of her life so all would recognize her as an adulteress."(http://us.penguin group.com) One critic says, "It is this letter, or secret sin, that becomes the emphasis of the novel and assumes many different roles" (Martin 111). This symbol openly represents Hester's adultery. For Dimmesdale it symbolizes his sin and cowardice for not admitting to being Hester's partner in crime. "It might even be interpreted to symbolize America, a country born in the sin of revolution but which eventually prospered-just like Pearl"(http://us.penguingroup.com).
             The "A" could also be interpreted as "Angel". "A great red letter in the sky, Nthe letter A...showed up at Governor Winthrop's death in the sky. For as our good Governor Winthrop was made an angel this past night...." (Hawthorne 182). Dimmesdale sees the same "A" in the sky as a reminder of his sin and guilt.
             The "A" could also stand for Hester and Pearl's alienation from society. By the end of the novel, however, the townspeople come to think of it as representing "able". "So strong was Hester Prynne with a woman's strength."(Hawthorne 186). "Such helpfuln...