stress
Stress was originally isolated and defined by Dr. Hans Selye, the "grandfather" of stress research. Dr. Selye defined stress as the nonspecific response of the body to any demand. The effect is nonspecific because it effects up in three primary ways: Physically, Emotionally, And Interpersonally (Selye). Individuals react to stress in different ways with different stimuli, different impacts, and different damages to the body. One person may react very strongly and another weakly to the same situation. That difference in reactions is due primarily to different evaluations of the same event. Stress is not always a negative factor in our lives. The human body was designed to
Muscles tense, pupils of the eyes dilate and perspiration increases. The reaction is simply a mechanism in the body that prepares it to fight off or flee from a threat to that body. When a stressful event is real, it calls us to run or fight, the physiological changes provide for our surviving that event. The stress reaction is a physical, chemical, and emotional reaction which causes tension. The cardio-vascular system goes into high gear as the pulse and blood pressure increase and breathing becomes more rapid. When the threat is defeated, we experience the relaxation response, the counter response to the flight or flight response. Symbolic sources of stress are threats to our sense of well-being, threats to our values, pressures from school, and threats to our egos. Muscles are moved to their maximum capacity and sensitivity is heightened. This is a normal reaction to a stressful event (Snyder). Examples of symbolic sources of stress: being stuck in traffic, test taking, unpleasant work assignment, unresolved personal conflicts with other people at home or at work, financial problems, etc. With a symbolic source of stress, we neither run nor fight and we do not reach a conclusion regarding the threat (Benson). The body and mind totally relax as muscles relax, brain wave activity changes and neutralizing chemicals enter the bloodstream to counter the toxic effects of the flight or fight chemicals (Benson). The stress reaction, in its purely physical application, is a necessary reaction that exists in most mammals if no all life forms. With a real source of stress, we expend energy by running or fighting and we reach a conclusion regarding the threat.
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