Modernism
Select some groups of artists who sought to interpret the world in new ways. How have they done this?Towards the end of the nineteenth century changes in the temperament of the social structure, and economic character of Europe caused artists to abandon previously held art making conventions and instead seek to interpret the world in new and revolutionary means. 'More of an attitude than a specific style', the modernist ideology produced a series of groups who each interpreted the world in their own unique and distinctive styles that will never cease to influence contemporary artists. Characterised by the French term 'avant-garde' meaning advance guard; the nature of modernism represented what is modern is new, original, and cutting edge. Modernism began with the Impressionists depictions of the fashionable bourgeoisie and radical means of painting fleeting light. Successive movements quickly emerged bringing their own unorthodox methods and artistic geniuses to the phenomenon, most notably; the faceted and fractured portrayal of life by Cubism; the bold brushstrokes of Fauvism; the revolutionary ideology of Futurism; and the consumerism orientated pop art movement.Culture becoming more urban and less rural, an increasingl
Futurism was relatively short lived and aimed to interpret the world from a more industrial, mechanical, and technological eye. The movement gained its name from a critic once again; who commented on a Donatello-type marble bust as being 'au milieu des fauves': 'in the midst of wild beasts'. Cubism had its beginnings in 1907 with the fundamental cubists being Picasso and Braque with their work predominantly based in Paris. Braque's radical ideology is summed up by his quote 'Art should disturb'. The development of the camera created a feeling that the contemporary painters only produced what could be done on film, and the invention of the automobile inundated the artists with a need to interpret movement and speed. As the center for avante garde movements shifted away from Paris styles began to differentiate more. One of the best known futurism works is Balla's Dog on a Leash, oil on canvas, 1912, that typifies the movement's style of movement added to cubism. One of the most significant and revolutionary modernism movements was Cubism. The impressionist movement did not achieve great success in terms of acceptance from the art world; often only being displayed in the 'gallerie des refuses'; yet the movement paved the way for new and exiting means to interpret the world. His new attitude gave a revolutionary perspective to art making and ideology, his statement; 'Art should be like a comfortable armchair for the bourgeois to relax in' reflects this. The pop artists; Lichtenstein, Warhol, Oldernburg and others used 'mass media objects to draw attention to the apparent importance of such thins as packaging, posters, and comic strips. Henri Matisse was the founder of the movement and painted a wide range of subjects in the fauvist manner. Fauvism sought to interpret the world in a unique and equally brilliant style that set out to heighten the emotional impact with exaggerated rich colours and unnatural forms. This attitude was further reflected by the other Fauvists; Raol Dufy and Andre Derain.
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