Wilhelm Wundt founded Structuralism during the late 19th century to the early 20th century. Structuralism is the earliest approach in modern psychology with its goal to analyze the basic elements of conscious experience (Davis & Palladino, 2004). Wilhelm received helped from a student of his named Edward B. Titchener who wanted to study psychology as if it were chemistry (Davis & Palladino, 2004). There researched relied main on a method called introspection. Introspection is defined as 'participants reported the contents of their conscious experience' (Davis & Palladino, 2004). Structuralism opened the door to other forms of psychology, which at some times conscious experience were pushed aside not even being recognized as a subject of psychology research. Today, structuralism has changed into what is now called cognitive psychology, which is the 'study of higher mental processes, such as thinking, knowing, and deciding' (Davis & Palladino, 2004).
             Functionalism was developed in the United States during the late 1800s; which is the approach to psychology that focused on the purposes of consciousness (Davis & Palladino, 2004). The main goal that functionalist wanted to achieve was to see how people used information to adjust to their environment. James Angell addressed the president of the American Psychological Association advising them of the conclusions that had been drawn using functionalism.
             This form of psychology was 'noted for emphasizing that perception of a whole differs from that of the individual stimuli that make up the whole' (Davis & Palladino, 2004). The key figures involved with Gestalt psychology were Max Wertheimer, Wolfgang Köhler, and Kurt Koffka. These doctors began their study in Germany (Davis & Palladino, 2004). The basis, or layman, description of this form of psychology basically states that 'w
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