Stress and Life Change
Stress is a combination of psychological, physiological, and behavioural reactions which cause people to respond to events that threaten or challenge them, all are set into three categories, these are: 1) Engineering model (stimulus) the events or causes of stress, 2) Physiological model (response) how the body reacts to the stress, 3) Transactional model (interaction between the organism and its environment), these three stages are known, as...General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS): the body's non-specific response to stress that consists of three stages: the alarm reaction, when the body responds with heightened physiological reactivity of the "fight or flight" response to meet the demands of the stressor; resistance, when the body tries to cope with the stressor and outwardly appears to have returned to normal but inwardly is releasing high levels of stress hormones; and exhaustion, where resources are depleted and the body's defence against disease and illness is decreased. (Psychology second edition M.W. Eysenck 2000) p.325When a person begins to get stressed they may sweat slightly more than usual, pulse and heart rate will quicken and blood pressure becomes higher, these changes are caused by the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Stress could give an athlete that extra push he or she needs to complete an event, for example. There are two parts to the ANS, the first triggers the production of adrenaline for the emergency reaction, and this is called the Sympathetic division, and seems to involve emotions such as fear, anger and excitement, all the active emotions. What we see here is, the mans Primary appraisal, where he stops what he is doing and attempts to understand what has just happened, his next reaction is the Secondary appraisal where he has realised the extent of what has happened and feels the need to act physically and do something about it to relieve the stress. This type of stress is called distress; this is the most common type of stress. Were a relationship was stressful throughout, the break up of this relationship would cause a sense of relief, and mean a new and fresh beginning. To determine whether a person will experience stress related problems such as, mental disorders and physical illness we must focus on stress management techniques like relaxation, diet and nutrition and medication. After awhile the whole shock of the event hits him and causes him to lose control to an extent, after a while longer when he has time to come to terms with what has just Happened to him he begins to feel anger and has the overwhelming urge to physically hit out at something or someone. An easier way to think about stress is in terms of stressors and stress responses. Stress can also increase the risk of developing health problems, such as cardiovascular disease and anxiety disorders. If we look at Erikson's eight stages of development from child to adult, he theorised that people reacted to situations as individuals depending on their upbringing, so would react in the same ways if brought up in identical environments. People such as journalists also thrive on stress, and they find the limited deadlines a challenge and not a negative stressor. stomach ulcers, eczema, eating disorders.
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