Ida Tarbell
Ida Tarbell was a woman far ahead of her time. Tarbell was an extraordinary woman whose work influenced the lives of others all over. She helped transform journalism by introducing what is called today investigative journalism. Through her achievements she not only helped to expand the role of the newspaper in modern society and stimulate the Progressive reform movement, but she also became a role model for women wishing to become professional journalists. Ida Minerva Tarbell, the first child of Franklin Sumner and Elizabeth McCullough Tarbell, was born November 5, 1857 in the log home of her maternal grandfather, Walter Raleigh McCullough. His farm was located in Hatch Hollow, near Wattsburg in northwest Pennsylvania. Both of her parents were teachers by profession, though her father was a carpenter and joiner by trade. Two of her brothers knew Abraham Lincoln, and her father was forced out of business by John D. Rockefeller and the South Improvement Company scheme, predecessor to his Standard Oil empire. These connections would prove influential in her later career. In 1860, when Ida was three years old, Franklin Tarbell, like so many others, rushed to the oil region. He moved his family to Cherry Run in Rouseville, where he
" She served as president of The Pen and Brush, a group of women authors and artists for thirty years. She had hoped it would be received as a historical study; instead, to her dismay, she was labeled a "muckraker" by President Theodore Roosevelt. President Roosevelt brought the term into popularity when he used the allusion in his speech on April 14, 1906, to refer to those making sweeping and unfair charges of corruption against public officials. The years she spent on The Life of Abraham Lincoln did more than provide her with a continuing interest. She saw only one way to achieve this-she would become a teacher, a biologist. What began as a temporary position lasted six years, and proved to be an important turning point in her life. Through her achievements she not only helped to expand the role of the newspaper in modern society and stimulate the Progressive reform movement, but she also became a role model for women wishing to become professional journalists. Although Tarbell was not, herself an advocate of women's issues or women's rights, as the most prominent woman active in the muckraking movement and one of the most respected business historians of her generation, Tarbell succeeded in a "male" world - the world of journalism, business analysis, and world affairs, thus helping to open the door to other women seeking careers in journalism and, later, in broadcasting. Ida Tarbell then took up a new career as a lecturer. In 1875 there were very few choices for women, and combining marriage and employment was not one of them-women generally had either a husband or a career. In an article entitled "Pioneer Women of the Oil Industry," written by Ida Tarbell in 1934, she tells of her life in Rouseville-attending Mrs. After four years in France, she returned to Titusville to relax, but shortly after her arrival she received a call from Samuel McClure, asking her to write a short life of Napoleon Bonaparte for his newly-launched magazine. Flood who had retired from active ministry to become editor of a magazine published in Meadville called The Chautauquan. She remained apart of the McClure's Magazine staff for the next 12 years. She wrote about some of these women in articles which were then published in The Chautauquan, but she was ashamed of these sketches, written from so little research and knowledge.
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