Borderline Personality Disorder
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is currently one of the most serious disorders in the field of psychology. Numerous studies conducted by several psychologists have lead to the present definition, diagnostic criteria, and treatment methodologies of BPD.The quest for a specific description of BPD produced a long and continuous attempt to create specific, ordered criteria for its diagnosis. In 1975, Dr. Kernberg described BPD as inadequate defense mechanisms and inappropriate internalization of one's feelings, especially anger. In 1938, Dr. Stern referred to BPD as displays of insecurity, anxiety, depression, irrational fears, instability of personality, lost contact with reality, and deterioration of normal social functioning (all shared symptoms of neurosis and psychosis). In 1941, Dr. Zilboorg described BPD as a mild form of schizophrenia that included dissociation, false senses of identity, and enveloping feelings of anger. Finally, in 1942, Dr. Deutsch described BPD as a lack of a consistent sense of identity and inner direction.Further complicating the quest for a distinct description of BPD, publications of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (the accredited guidebook for pinpointing psychologic
Several interviews with a number of psychologists will help in locating the right therapist for an individual pursuing of his or her own recovery. These symptoms of BPD, although regularly diagnosed in adults, emerge during adolescence. Psychotherapy allows victims of BPD to address both present difficulties and past experiences in the presence of an empathetic, accepting, and non-judgmental therapist. A good therapist will also provide an ideal path towards the resolution of a patient's memories, symptoms, and issues created by the disorder. Some psychologists have found that patients receiving treatment while being supported in a loving, outside relationship with a partner who is educated on the disorder and sets appropriate personal boundaries is very successful. These symptoms can include disruptive behavior as well as constant feelings of anxiety. Under extreme stress, victims can experience brief psychotic episodes of the loss of contact with reality or other bizarre behaviors. BPD is not formally diagnosed in patients younger than eighteen years of age due to the ongoing developmental changes in personality traits of adolescents. Although psychotherapy, medication, and hospitalization provide avenues for treatment, recovery from BPD relies exclusively upon the effort of the patient. These feelings can be accompanied with extremes in thinking, feeling or behavior. BPD diagnosed in young children, although very rare, is characterized by a combination of external, internal, and cognitive symptoms. An individual suffering from BPD experiences frequent dissatisfaction with the effect of his or her behavior on others and his or her social, occupational, or academic functioning. Despite the impairment produced by BPD, successful recovery is possible. Characteristics of BPD can also include instability in functioning, distress, mood, interpersonal relationships, and, at times, perception of reality. Whichever course is chosen for treatment, treatment of BPD is possible.
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