Haiti
Haiti occupies the western third of the island of Hispanola (the Dominican Republic occupies the eastern two thirds). Haiti has an area of 27,750 square kilometers including the islands of Tortuga, Gonave (Ile de la Gonave) Les Cayemites and Vache. The are occupied by Haiti is slightly larger than the state of Maryland. Haiti has a total boundary length of 2,046 kilometers. Haiti's capital city, Port-au-Prince, is located on Hispanola's West Coast. Haiti, the most densely populated country in the Western Hemisphere, had a 1982 census population of 5,053,189. The projected population for the year the year 2000is 7,959,000. The estimated density population for 1992 was 244 percent per square kilometer (631 per square mile). The district population of Port-au-Prince, the capital and the largest city was estimated as 1,143,626 in 1998. Haiti's import commodities are machines and manufactures 50%, food and beverages 39%, petroleum products 2%, chemicals 5% and fats and oils 4%. Haiti's export commodities are light manufacturing 80.5%, coffee 7.6%, other agriculture
Agriculture is the largest sector of the Haitian economy, employing more than 2/3 of the labor force but accounting for barely 1/3 of the gross domestic product. Haitian Creole and french are the official languages of Haiti. Ludovic Lamothe (1882-1953) used voodoo music in his compositions. Some famous Haitians are Pierre Dominique Toussaint L'Ouverture (1743-1803), leader of it's first independence movement, and Jean Jacques Dessalines (1758-1806), who defeated Napoleon's army. The average life expectancy is 57 years for both men and women. Roughly one-half of the population practices voodoo. The primitive painter Hector Hippolyte (1890-1948) was the leader of the Afro-Art Renaissance in the Caribbean. In general, sanitation facilities in Haiti are among the poorest in Latin America. John James Audubon (1785-1851), an artist and ornithologist, was born in Haiti. The constitution adopted in March 1987 established a president elected to a five-year term head of state. Prior to the embargo in 1991, the United States alone supplied over 60% of Haiti's total legal imports and purchased over 85% of it's exports. But written Creole is not widely accepted because the school system retains french as the main language of instruction. Tuberculosis has long been a health problem, and in 1990, there were about 333 reported cases of tuberculosis per 100,000 inhabitants. Most of the vocabulary of Haitian Creole is derived from french, but it's syntax is similar to that of some African language and resembles the syntax of other Creole languages of the Caribbean and Indian Ocean.
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