that SSE is very similar to most Standard Englishes, while SCE is substantially different along various dimensions and one of it being pronunciation of vowels. I remembered clearly during one of Professor Deterding's lectures, we were having our phonetics practice and we were instructed to translate the word "Fanatic" to phonetic form but most of us heard it as "Phonetics" instead. The reason for such confusion with many Singaporeans is the regular conflating of vowel "pairs" which are normally distinguished in Received Pronunciation (RP), viz. Ii: , EQ , Uu: , V/A:, Q/O:, @/3: (e.g. Brown, 1988, 1991; Deterding, 1994a; Hung, 1995; Bao, 1998). In the example below, I will like to draw attention to the entries for beach and valley.
             Example 1:
             • beach ( noun) a woman considered to be spiteful or overbearing
             Jack: That Mimi is such a beach, man! She thinks she is so great huh!
             • valley (adverb)...