In order to unify his kingdom, Charlemagne did many things. He created a system, which allowed him to supervise his administrators, even in the distant lands. They were called "missi dominici", or king's envoys. They traveled through the land to check on the local administrations. He set up barriers to prevent invasions from foreign lands. He created a state where law and order were once again enforced after 300 years of disintegration. Charlemagne supported the education of even the poorest of his people.
             Charlemagne extended Christianity throughout Europe, with his help the gospel was preached to the people. On Christmas day, Charlemagne came to Rome and restored the pope to his position; Roman nobility removed the pope from office, a year earlier. At the Christmas service Charlemagne knelt at the alter and the pope placed a crown on his head. The crowds shouted, "To Charles Augustus crowned of god, great and pacific Emperor of the Romans, long life and victory." The ceremony acknowledged that his authority came from god through the church.
             After Charlemagne's death his empire was divided among his three grandsons. They tried to continue his projects but were unable to maintain them. There was no central power to organize them; one raid after another devastated Germany and France. Although the invaders were driven out, there was no leader strong enough to put an end to the invasions. As a result feudalism arose. Feudalism is a system of rights and duties in which private individuals exercised political power locally, instead of through the bureaucracy of the state.
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