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In the period previous to the 1930's, the predominant form of filmmaking was that of the crank camera. This is not to say that motor-driven cameras were not possible. However, the motors to advance the film were so large that they were simply too cumbersome to be effective. Thus, it was the cameraman himself who would crank the film at a steady rate to expose the frames.When it came to showing the film, on the other hand, motor driven projectors were quite convenient, and by the 1920's a standard 24 frames per second was established for projecting films. Filming, however, remained unstandardized due to the inherent variation in recording speeds, since it depended directly on the cameraman. An experienced cameraman was capable of filming an entire film at approximately the same speed, yet often variations were made in the recording speed for dramatic effect. Decreasing the number of cranks, for example, exposed fewer frames and thus when projected at the standard 24 frames created the frenzied action that characterized much of the Vaudeville cinema. The French filmmaker Georges Melies was among the first to employ changing backdrops and costumes to tell his story. Up until that point many film were only a few minutes long takin
Thus, instead of being stationary or relying on a track or cart to move, the camera could go anywhere a cameraman could walk or run. They believed that the director, the creator of the final visual image should be the true center and set out to direct their own films under this new theory. One such example of this Jean-Luc Godard, who introduced the jump cuts, temporal cuts to disrupt the continuity of a scene. Technicolor was created using a special camera that ran three strips of film, one in red, one in blue, and one in yellow. Dubbed the Steadicam, it was a camera mount that attached to the cameraman rather than a tripod or dolly. The only major change in the film industry that occurred in the 80's (aside from the technological advances that occur constantly since the creation of the first camera but are for the most part too technical to be interesting to you or I) was the rise of new mediums. Government found them to be an illegal monopoly. By the mid-1970's the new formula for success had been reached. A few years later the trend was reaffirmed when audiences were again captivated by special effects in one of the most popular movies of all time, Star Wars. Initially there were two available systems with which to record sound. It was introduced largely to distinguish movies from television in an effort to lure dwindling audiences back into theaters. First invented and shown in the 1920's, it became the standard by the early 1930's, partly due to the invention of a device based on the radio that could effectively amplify sound in the theater. In 1978 a device was also developed that opened new doors for filmmakers. Releasing Star Wars: E1 in three theaters using completely digital projectors (no film reels needed) and making his preparations to film the next two using completely digital cameras and encouraging release on completely digital theaters. Audiences had scene special effects before, but this was a whole new level of realism.
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Acceptance Essays
