Functions of Corrections
When we hear the word "corrections" the first thing that most people will think of is jail or prison; some custodial institution. Many people don't realize that the same term also applies to non-custodial alternatives such as parole or probation, programs and/or facilities specifically designed for juvenile offenders and halfway houses. It is popularly believed the function of corrections is merely to 'lock criminals up'. While this is not entirely untrue, it is also only a very small portion of the role that corrections plays in our society. The functions of corrections are to provide control, custody and care to any person convicted of a criminal offense. Providing control for correctional clients is twofold. The first thing that needs to be addressed is the correctional employee. These employees work in any governmental jurisdiction in the country. They sport various titles such as Correction Guard, Warden, Social worker, Doctor, Lawyer, Cook, Grounds Keeper, and Secretary among others. Each of these various professions plays a vital role in keeping our many correctional institutions operational. The second component of control lies in classifying a correctional client. All clients that are in a custodial institu
All correctional institutions provide essential medical, dental, and mental health services. Correction clients may also have access to legal books and/or services to aide in their legal research and to prepare legal documents. ' There are individual rooms with doors; not unlike what you may find in a college dorm. There, they emphasize the importance of heart-smart diets, nutrition education, and dietary counseling in conjunction with certain medical treatments. Custodial clients are classified to either a maximum, medium, or minimum security facility. The deal with "delinquents (whose offences would be considered a crime if they were of legal age) and status offenders (whose activities are considered illegal only because of their age), as well a percentage of children (or under aged adults) who are voluntarily admitted by their parents or guardians and those who are dependant or neglected". The Chaplains oversee the correctional client's self-improvement forums such as Bible Study and Religious Workshops, as well as providing Pastoral care, spiritual guidance and counseling. Any violation of a correctional client's probation will result in immediate probation revocation; client will be arrested and will remain in custody until his next court hearing. The function of Custody is to guard the correctional client. Most institutions offer various curriculums in literacy, parenting skills, wellness education, and adult continuing education and provide library services. In addition to what might be considered the 'traditional custodial-type' institutions, there are many other non-custodial alternatives that corrections may choose to use. Some of these options include Pre-trial Release, Parole/Probation, and Halfway House. Some prisons offer on-the-job-training through institution job assignments. All in all, corrections encompass a large part of our criminal justice system. Corrections clients may also obtain a post-secondary education in vocational and occupationally oriented fields.
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