Reproductive Technology
The natural method of reproduction has become only one of many new techniques used today. There are millions of couples that do not have the ability to reproduce on their own because of infertility and therefore, must resort to these new techniques. The main causes of infertility are that of hormonal malfunctions and anatomical abnormalities. There are many ethical debates on whether artificial means of reproduction should be used, and this will be discussed throughout the paper. There are a number of reproduction-aiding technologies, which are widely used all over the world, and one being artificial insemination. This is a relatively simple and old method, where semen is mechanically introduced into the vagina near the cervix. There are two types of artificial insemination: AIH (sperm actually belongs to the husband), and AID (sperm belongs to a sperm donor). AID has a 60% success rate, which is very good. Another reproduction-aiding technology is, In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), whereby so-called test-tube babies are conceived. The egg and sperm are collected from the male and female of a couple, and are then mixed outside the body, usually in a glass dish. If all goes well, fertilization will occur within 24 hours after t
Another argument against AID is that it is some form of adultery. These ethicists also believe that surrogate motherhood is not really motherhood but a disguised form of baby selling in which a woman deliberately becomes pregnant with the intention of giving up the child to whom she will give birth. They argue that an embryo has the potential in becoming a human person. Kaplan, "Natural Reproduction and Reproduction-Aiding Technologies," in The Ethics of Reproductive Technology, ed. They are depriving their child of the oppurtunity to choose who he or she wishes to regard as the real father. " There are also many things that can affect the sperm donor in a negative way. Another argument for surrogate motherhood is that is allows couples that cannot, by natural means, have a child. Most ethicists will not disagree with this since it occurs in natural miscarriages as well. They believe it is almost always wrong to experiment on children, infants, or embryos because these "persons" cannot consent to being used as research subjects. Alpern (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992), 28 Lawrence J. " The arguments for surrogate motherhood are that when the contracted mother sells her womb, she does not loose control over her person any more that does the athlete who sells his body for a hockey team or the teacher who sells her mind to a university. The first alternative method to masturbation, puncturing of the testicle, provides no pleasure to the man. Lawler, "Moral Reflections on the New Technologies: A Catholic Analysis," in Embryos, Ethics and Women's Rights: Exploring the New Reproductive Technologies, eds.
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Acceptance Essays
