Batik
One of the major art forms in Southeast Asia is a type of dyed cloth called batik. The word batik is thought to be derived from the word "ambatik" which means "a cloth with little dots" in Indonesian. The suffix "tik" means little dot, drop, point or to make dots. Batik may also originate from the Javanese (a dialect of Indonesian native to the island of Java) word "tritik" which describes a resist process for dying where the patterns are reserved on the textiles by tying and sewing areas prior to dying, similar to tie dye techniques implemented in western textile design.Although experts disagree about the origins of batik, samples of dye resistance patterns on cloth can be traced back 1,500 years ago to Egypt and the Middle East. Samples have also been found in Turkey, India, China, Japan and West Africa from past centuries. Although in these countries people were using the technique of dye resisting decoration on cloth, none have developed batik to the art form that is highly developed on the island of Java in Indonesia. Although there is mention of "fabrics highly decorated" in Dutch transcripts from the 17th century, most scholars believe that the intricate Javanes
Larger areas of the pattern are filled in with wax that is cheaper quality and the higher quality wax is used on the more intricately detailed sections of the design. Another color that was traditionally used was a dark red color called mengkuda. Javanese royalty were known to be great patrons of the arts and provided the support necessary to develop many art forms, such as silver ornamentation, wayang kulit (leather puppets) and gamelan orchestras. Aside from blue, green would be achieved by mixing blue with yellow; purple was obtained by mixing blue and red. In some cases the art forms overlap. Although fundamentally geometric, ceplok can also represent abstractions and stylization of flowers, buds, seeds and even animals The diagonal designs are known as Parang. The Javanese dalang (puppeteer) not only was responsible for the wayang puppets but was also an important source of batik patterns. Smaller pieces of wire are used for dots. When complete, the pattern of copper strips is soldered to the handle. ) Each cap is a copper block that makes up a design unit. Princesses and noble women may have provided the inspiration for the highly refined traditional patterns. One of the oldest and most popular designs is the kawung which consists of parallel rows of ellipses. This finely woven cloth allowed for the intricate patterns that developed on the island of Java. Lighter blue was achieved by leaving the cloth in the dye bath for short periods of time. Cloth would be left in the dye bath for days and may have been submerged up to 8 - 10 times a day.
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