Plato
One of the most influential minds in western philosophy is that of Plato. Plato lived from 422-347 B.C, was born into an aristocratic family in the city of Athens. He was a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle. Plato followed the basic ideas of Socrates, in which no laws are to be broken despite their relevance. He makes clear why laws should be followed and why disobedience to the law is rarely justified. Plato wrote a book called The Republic. It contains ideas about a society and citizens who lived within that society would act. He believed in an ideal state. According to Plato it was divided into three classes. They were rulers, auxiliaries, and the laborers. He believed that the rulers should be philosophers because they were the most wise and intelligent thinkers, while the auxiliaries had to be courageous and strong willed. Laborers had the virtue of temperance and they were considered to be the middle management. In Plato's perfect world, slaves didn't exist and women were considered an equal. Within Plato's ideal state, sets of laws for the inhabitants were made in order to allow the society to function to its greatest ability. Plato would have viewed civil disobedience as unnecessary in his idea
When a crime is committed, the authorities must distinguish between both the act and the state of mind. ' It is not moral to fight against the theory of the city. Civil disobedience has brought about important changes in the law and government policy. Justice is the order of the state, and the state is the visible embodiment of justice under the conditions of human society. The laws should be made in a way that will benefit everybody in the highest manner possible, and assist them in their pursuit of happiness. An observation of the state of mind must be completed in order to determine what the causes were to provoke a man to commit such a sin. Plato believed that no man willingly commits an unjust crime. The causes must be classified as intentional or unintentional. Although 'freedom is the basis for the good life' , civil disobedience is unnecessary because people should follow laws regardless of their importance, just as Socrates believed. He felt that all laws were important, but if they were unjust and not considered very strict in punishment that was to follow the actions, then one is able to defy the law. 'To know the good is to do the good. "For he who is a corrupter of the laws is more than likely to be a corrupter of the youngand foolish portion of mankind. Disobedience can also be justified with the right answers. He felt this because if the laws were suitable they were only there to help everyone reach true happiness.
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