The good life
Aristotle refutes Plato's Theory of Ideas on three basic grounds: that the existence of Ideas contradicts itself by denying the possibility of negations; that his illustrations of Ideas are merely empty metaphors; and that they theory uses impermanent abstractions to create examples of perception. Though the theory is meant to establish concrete standards for the knowledge of reality, Aristotle considers it fraught with inconsistencies and believes that the concept of reality depends upon all forms' correlations to other elements. Ideas, Plato believes, are permanent, self-contained absolutes, which answered to each item of exact knowledge attained through human thought. Also, Ideas are in Plato's view concrete standards by which all human endeavor can be judged, for the hierarchy of all ideas leads to the highest absolute - that of Good. In addition, the theory claims that states of being are contingent upon the mingling of various Forms of existence, that knowledge is objective and thus clearly more real, and that only the processes of nature were valid entities. However, Aristotle attacks this theory on the grounds that Plato's arguments are inconclusive either his assertions are not al all cogent. Aristotle says, or his argume
His argument moves him from existence of the self to the objectivity of truth and finally to God's reality. The Ideas of things, he says, are not inherent to the objects in particular but created separately and placed apart from the objects themselves. His argument seems fairly clear-eyed and rational, for he does not approach God's goodness dogmatically or automatically assume God's existence. In general, Augustine implies, God represents goodness and occupies the pinnacle of the concept like unity and twoness). Plato and Aristotle reach some agreement, though, on the topic of reality. Augustine links God with rational thought and states that human knowledge of truth depends upon man's relationship to God. Beauty is a perfect example; Plato considered Beauty both a notion and an ideal, isolated by abstractions and fixed permanently while its representatives fade away. Aristotle's ideas on God seem, from a modern point of view, effective only as explanations of the supernatural and even of the miracle of life. Anselm on the existence of God all vary on the issue of God's nature; though each thinker takes a different approach to why there is a God, that of St. Instead, he works toward that end by evaluation the rationality of truth and goodness, and he casts God in that role as the ultimate embodiment of both. However, God and goodness are not one and the same; Plato does not directly state that goodness is good, but that God is good, since he exemplifies the idea at the top of Plato's hierarchy. The main problem with Plato's philosophy is his inconsistency; he owes the existence of his Ideas to both God and goodness, but he claims the two are not identical. The philosophies of Plato, Aristotle, St. He claims that everyone has some sense of God, and he claims that for one to deny God's existence is an invalid and contradictory assertion; therefore, God exists.
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Acceptance Essays
