Subjects:
In the sixteenth century, Europeans began visiting Vietnam. It was during the sixteenth century when Vietnam fell apart. In the late 1700s, In 1858 the French were seeking to expand their colonial empire, which the movement called French imperialism. When a prince of the defeated Nguyen clan, Nguyen Anh, turned to the French for support after the three Tay Son brothers from a wealthy merchant family brought the end to the Nguyen rulers, had set the scene for French intervention. Vietnam was divided into administrative regions- Tonkin, Annam and Cochinchina. For the next 60 years these three countries were known as French Indochina. The French conquest of Cochinchina was carried out by force but with considerable resistance from guerilla fighters. By 1868 France was undisputed master of Cochinchina.
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In 1930 the revolutionary Ho Chi Minh formed an Indochinese Communist Party. In the late 1920 Ho's political activities took him to Europe, and in 1928 he spent some time in Siam disguised as a Buddhist monk. In January 1946, Britain agreed to remove her troops and later that year, China left Vietnam in exchange for a promise from France that she would give up her rights to territory in China. Because the basic economy was wet rice farming, a form of agriculture, which requires cooperative labour, Vietnamese communities developed a strong sense of collective spirit. There were other such groups promoting Viet independence but none were competitive on a country-wide scale. It was the start of a long career opposing the French. It was clear that the Viet Minh would not take over private property or threaten the investments of the middle and upper classes. He was sent to a prison hospital but was able to escape with the help of an orderly. The French, however, had a firm hold on the south and had installed Bo Dai, the former Vietnamese Emperor, as the Chief of State. After the Geneva Accords, the French withdrew completely from the region. On March 13, 1954, Vo Nguyen Giap launched his offensive. Borodin was advising Chian Kai-shek’s guomintang government in its bid to take over control of China.
In December, 1953, General Navarre setup a defensive complex at Dien Bien Phu, which would block the route of the Vietminh forces trying to return to camps in neighbouring Laos. The Japanese saw Indochina as a stepping stone to the rest of Southeast Asia as well as a storehouse of vital supplies.
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