machiavelli, Aristotle, August
Niccolo Machiavelli's The Prince examines the nature of power and his views of power in the leadership that he observed in his time. Machiavelli discusses power over the people, dictatorial power, and the power with the people. The struggle to retain, hold, and apply one power is human nature and this nature is agreeable with Aristotle's argument that "man is a political animal." In The Prince, Machiavelli discusses two distinct groups of people, the political elite, including nobles and the public. Machiavelli claims that ambition and dictatorial power drive most nobles and princes. Because shared power is only effective between the prince and his people and not between the prince and the nobles because the people depends on the prince and the prince needs his people but since nobles and the prince are driven by the same motivations shared power would be useless. "Whether men bear affection depends on themselves, but whether they are afraid will depend on what the ruler does" (p.60-61). While Machiavelli emphasizes power over in relations between the political elite, he discusses a different kind of power in the relationship between a prince and the public. Machiavelli notes that a prnice can share power with the people
"A great number and magnitude of evils he does not consider to be sins, for a wise judge does not do them because of a will to harm, but because of the necessity imposed by not knowing and also because of the necessity of judging imposed by human society" (City of God ch6 p. For example: a slave should not seek to be a free man. The citizens have to endure the ordeal of the process. Aristotle also talks a great deal about equality. What I interrupt about bring the least troubles to the final good is to not complicate things by trying to acquire things that was not giving. Once we have a family, the tendencies of human nature will cause us to set up a household. The City of God looks at life on earth and its relation to life after death. He believed that we are social beings and that we are able to rationalize our behavior through our speech. The state is a social contract that the people enter into. Augustine explains that final good is when good is perfected and "final evil" is evil to its greatest harm. This is the natural order of animals, plants and everything else in nature.
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