The Industrial Revolution was a time of drastic change and transformation from hand tools and hand made items to machine manufactured and mass produced goods. This change generally helped life but also hindered it as well. Pollution, such as CO2 levels in the atmosphere rose, working conditions declined and the number of women and children working increased. The government, the arts, literature, music and architecture and man's way of looking at life all changed during the period.
             The Industrial Revolution was mainly based upon the cotton industry, subsequently, most of the inventions made during the hundred years after 1780 were mainly for manufacturing and producing cotton. The year was 1733, the demand for cotton cloth was high, but production was low. This crisis had to be solved or England's economy would be hindered. The answer came from a British weaver, John Kay, who invented and fashioned the flying shuttle, which cut weaving time in half. John Kay was a pioneer and his invention paved the way for numerous inventors. In 1764 James Hargreaves, a carpenter and hand-loom weaver invented the spinning jenny. This invention was capable of producing sixteen threads at once, these threads however, were not strong enough. Richard Arkwright solved this problem in 1769 by inventing the water frame. This invention along with the spinning mule invented by Samual Crompton in 1779 increased the mechanical advantage over the spinning wheel enormously. Cleaning cotton, a tedious and time consuming job was simplified in 1793 by Eli Whitney with the cotton gin, which could clean cotton 50 times as fast.
             With the help of all of these cotton weaving inventions, mass production had begun, along with capitalism. Capitalists, people who have their own materials, money and space, bought many machines and stored them in a factory, where hired people worked the whole day manufacturing goods. The factory system had repla...