computer underground
The Computer Underground. The beginning of the electronic communication revolution that started with the public use of telephones to the emergence of home computers has been accompanied by corresponding social problems involving the activities of so-called "computer hackers," or better referred to as the computer underground (CU). The CU is composed of computer aficionados who stay on the fringes of legality. The CU is composed of relatively intelligent people, in contrast to the media's description of the ultra intelligent and sophisticated teenage "hacker." The majority have in common the belief that information should be free and that they have "a right to know." They often have some amount of dislike for the government and the industries who try to control and commercialize information of any sort. This paper attempts to expose what the CU truly is and dispel some of the myths propagated by the media and other organizations. This paper also tries to show the processes and reasons behind the criminalization of the CU and how the CU is viewed by different organizations, as well as some of the processes by which it came into being. What the CU is has been addressed by the media, criminologists, secuity firms, and the CU themsel
" "Hacker defrauds old man with phone calling card. That kind of a stand is going to offend a lot ofpeople, no matter how it is presented. So, in order to learn more about these computers in relation to the network, phreaks have learned hacking skills, and can now program, and get around inside the machines (AF, message log, 1988). "Hacking" refers to gaining access andexploring computer systems and networks. A possible exception to this are those pirates thathave the programming skills needed to remove copy protection from software. Bob Bickford, a professional programmer who has organized several programmer conferences, explains: At a conference called "Hackers 4. The term "phreaking" encompasses several different means of getting around the billing mechanisms of telephone companies. Since media stories are taken from the accounts of the police,security personnel, and members of the computer underground who have beencaught, each of whom have different perspectives and 20 definitions oftheir own, the media's definition, if not inherently biased, is at bestinconsistent. " Pirates and phreak/hackers/crackers do not necessarily support the activities of each other, and there is distrust and misunderstanding between the two groups. " What someone should do is tell the *censored*en media to get it straight (TP2, message log, 1988). 0" we had 200 of the most brilliant computer professionals in the world together for one weekend; this crowd included several PhD's, several presidents of companies (including large companies, such as Pixar), and various artists, writers, engineers, and programmers. It is also the definition favored by the computer underground.
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Acceptance Essays
