Humans have within their grasp the ability and technology to
create life. Many believe that this knowledge will lead to
further degradation of the human spirit. But others, like
Prometheus and his gift of fire, believe that new technology is
the key to a new, and better, reality. Genetic engineering and,
specifically, cloning, of human life has become an issue of
extreme gravity in the age of technology where anything may be
dreamed and many things are possible. Cloning is a reality in
today's world: "Three months ago, Gearhart and Thomson announced
that they had each isolated embryonic stem cells and induced them
to begin copying themselves without turning into anything else.
In so doing, they apparently discovered a way to make stem cells
by the billions, creating a biological feedstock that might, in
turn, be employed to produce brand-new, healthy human tissue.
That is, they discovered how to fabricate the stuff of which
Leon R. Kass proposed three perspectives that serve to
classify the ways people think of cloning as beneficial:
The technological perspective "will be seen as an
extension of existing techniques for assisting
reproduction and determining the genetic makeup of
children. Like them, cloning is to be regarded as a
neutral technique, with no inherent meaning or
goodness, but subject to multiple uses, some good, some
bad. The morality of cloning thus depends absolutely
on the goodness or badness of the motives and
intentions of the cloners ... by the way the parents
nurture and rear their resulting child and whether they
bestow the same love and affection on a child brought
into existence by a technique of assisted reproduction
as they would on a child born in the usual way. The
liberal (or libertarian or liberationist) perspective
sets cloning in the context of rights, freedoms and
personal empowerment. Cloning is just a new option for
exercising ...