Thailand1
IINTRODUCTION Thailand, formerly Siam, officially Kingdom of Thailand, kingdom in Southeast Asia, bounded by Myanmar (formerly known as Burma) on the north and west, by Laos on the northeast, by Cambodia and the Gulf of Thailand (Siam) on the southeast, by Malaysia on the south, and by the Andaman Sea and Myanmar on the southwest. The total area of Thailand is 513,115 sq km (198,115 sq mi). Bangkok is the capital and largest city.IILAND AND RESOURCES Thailand lies within the Indochinese Peninsula (see Indochina), except for the southern extremity, which occupies a portion of the Malay Peninsula. The country's extreme dimensions are about 1770 km (about 1100 mi) from north to south and about 800 km (about 500 mi) from east to west. The physiography is highly diversified, but the mountain systems are the predominant feature of the terrain. A series of parallel ranges, with a north-south trend, occupy the northern and western portions of the country. Extreme elevations occur in the westernmost ranges, which extend along the Myanmar frontier and rise to 2595 m (8514 ft) atop Doi Inthanon, the highest point in Thailand. The peninsular area, which is bordered by narrow coastal plains, reaches a high point of 1790 m (5860 ft) atop Kh
Natural gas deposits were discovered offshore in the 1970s, reducing Thailand's reliance on imported petroleum. Because of the rights and privileges obtained by this agreement, British influence increased in Thailand throughout the remainder of the 19th century. During the remainder of the year the range is from about 13 to 33 C (about 56 to 92 F). Elections to municipal councils were held for the first time in a decade in December 1967. The first time a national identity is thought to have been developed was during the Sukhothai kingdom. In return, Thailand agreed to adopt a series of measures intended to stabilize its economy. District (amphur) officials are also appointed. IIIPOPULATION About 75 percent of the inhabitants of Thailand are Thai. Thailand has a National Museum in Bangkok, which houses a large collection of ancient artifacts illustrating the development of Thai culture. Other important manufactured goods included cement (18 million metric tons), motor vehicles (318,000 units), cigarettes (38. He founded the kingdom of Ayutthaya and made the city of Ayutthaya his capital. The military-installed government, however, remained in power until March 1980, when it was replaced by a new cabinet, headed by General Prem Tinsulanonda. In October 1997 Thailand adopted a new constitution, with provisions aimed at controlling political corruption and expanding civil liberties. Formed in the first half of the 13th century when several Thai municipalities united, the kingdom survived until the late 14th to early 15th century, when it was absorbed by the Ayutthaya kings.
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