Roman Law
Roman Law was the law that was in effect throughout the age of antiquity in the City of Rome and later in the Roman Empire. When Roman rule over Europe came to an end, Roman law was largely--though not completely--forgotten. (Ancient Rome, Compton's 96)The earliest code of Roman Law was the Law of the Twelve Tables. It was formalized in 451-450BC from existing oral law by ten magistrates, called decemvirs, and inscribed on tablets of bronze, which were posted in the principal Roman Forum. According to tradition, the code was drawn up to appease the plebs, who maintained that their liberties were not adequately protected by the unwritten law as interpreted by patrician judges. (Ancient Rome, Compton's 96) Originally ten tablets of laws were inscribed; two more tablets were added the following year. The tablets were destroyed in the sack of Rome by the Gauls in 390BC, but a number of the laws are known through references in later Latin literature. The Twelve Tables covered all categories of the law and also included specific penalties for various infractions. The code underwent frequent changes but remained in effect for almost 1000 years.In the 6th century a commission appointed by the Roman emperor Justi
Nonetheless, because the law that had evolved was common to most European countries, it was called the Ius Commune (common law). By this advance he subjected modern Switzerland, Austria, much of Hungary, and the Balkans to Roman rule and protected the connections between the western and eastern provinces of the Empire; no other Roman leader made such additions. The most significant development in the Roman legal system of this period was the right given by the first Roman emperor Augustus and his successors to eminent jurists to deliver responsa, or opinions, on the legal cases on trial in the courts. This system originated during the period when Louisiana was a colony of France and then Spain. If a person has maimed another's limb, let there be retaliation in kind unless he makes agreement for settlement with him. (Civil Law, Compton's 96) The state of Louisiana, unlike all other American states, has a civil law system for non-criminal matters. The extension of citizenship during the years from 100BC to AD212 to all free inhabitants of the Roman Empire made the distinction between the jus gentium and the jus civile obsolete, and the city law or jus civile of Rome became the law of the empire. The stage was set for the codification of modern civil law. Bibliography BibliographyAncient Timeline. Initially, Roman Law was only studied by scholars and taught at the universities, Bologna being the first place where Roman Law was taught. Theodosius II, ruler of the Byzantine Empire, in AD438, published the first codification of this imperial legislation, the Codex Theodosianus.
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