Nuclear Arms Control in India and the ABM Treaty
1. There would be several advantages for the Government of India by adhering to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT). For instance, adhering would ease international pressures spearheaded by the United States, Great Britain, and France. As India is just starting to become a nuclear power of its own, the already nuclear "powers that be" want to use India as an example to the rest of the world. As more countries become nuclear, they should sign the CTBT and follow the footsteps of the rest of the world powers. Another advantage of adhering to the CTBT is that Pakistan will also sign if India signs. (N.B. with the stipulation that the US ratifies the treaty) If Pakistan adheres; it will be easier for the Indian government to use information obtained by national means of verification "in a manner consistent with generally recognized principles of international law, including that of respect for the sovereignty of States." (CTBT Article IV #5) This means that India will be able to see how much Pakistan is adhering to the stipulations of CTBT. There are however, several disadvantages of adhering to the CTBT. For instance, if India does not adhere, the government keeps
India wants to continue as a nuclear power to try and deter the Pakistani government from launching into Indian Territory. The Cold War between the United States and Russia lasted nearly 60 years without a nuclear shot fired. This is a valid fear among Russian officials. A failed economy with an internal government in turmoil could heighten the chance of a Taleban-like group to seize power in Pakistan. When India tested a nuclear explosion, Pakistan answered immediately with a test of their own. If a radical group with a hatred of the Indian government were to take power, an all-out war would be imminent, possibly nuclear. If this were to be so, India would have to stockpile enough nuclear arms to stay on top of Pakistan. With the new ABM system set up, the United States could (hypothetically) shoot down a good number of the incoming ICBMs, absorb a diminished attack, then launch again with another arsenal of nuclear missiles. This possible ABM system has Russia in an uproar. They want to help Russia build its own ABM system to compete with the U. Countries such as the United States, Russia, and China are the real winners in this deal. could hypothetically launch first against the Russians.
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