lasers
Laser stands for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Lasers work by producing an intense beam of bright light that travels in one direction. The laser has the unique ability to produce one specific color or wavelength of light, which can be varied in its intensity and pulse duration. The newest laser systems have become remarkably precise and selective, allowing treatment results and safety levels not previously available. All lasers contain an energized substance that can increase the intensity of light that passes through it. This substance is called the amplifying medium and it can be a solid, a liquid or a gas. Einstein can be considered as the father of the laser. 80 years ago he postulated photons and stimulated emission and won the Nobel Prize for related research on the photoelectric effect. This section discusses the historical evolution from microwave lasers to optical lasers and finally to x-ray lasers and lasers discovered in space. Some theorists were on the right track, especially Planck, who proposed that nature acted by using "quanta" of energy. But it was the young, unknown Albert Einstein who explained everything and started the field of quantum mech
This remarkable technology is used in many fields such as surgery, military purposes, and accurate measurement in both speed and distance. Even though our government wasted millions of taxpayers money on the laser defense systems, they could waste more on developing new and improved satellites, or maybe even working ones too. Just like radar the laser can be used to measure long distances as well, but a even more accurately. A laser that is pumped in this way will have a pulsed output. anics with his paper on the photoelectric effect. For example the use of the laser attatched onto a satellite would enable us to destroy incoming or airborne missiles before they reach their target. Today's scientist on the San Adreas fault is actually using this instrument in order to find slight movements created by the fault. Einstein showed that light does not consist of continuous waves, nor of small, hard particles. In contrast to the old carbon dioxide lasers, the newest generation of the CO2 laser delivers short bursts of extremely high-energy laser light. In many gas lasers, the end windows of the laser tube are inclined at an angle and they are referred to as brewster windows.
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